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Shloka 3

The Glory of the Devoted Wife (Pativratā) and the Māṇḍavya Curse: Sunrise Halted and Restored

कृतं पृच्छति येनैव वक्तव्यं तत्प्रियेण हि । अतीतं चैव जानाति कथं नाथ पतिव्रता

kṛtaṃ pṛcchati yenaiva vaktavyaṃ tatpriyeṇa hi | atītaṃ caiva jānāti kathaṃ nātha pativratā

అతడు జరిగినదానినే అడుగుతాడు; చెప్పవలసినదీ అతనికి ప్రియమైనదే. అతడు గతమును కూడా ఎరుగును—హే నాథా, పతివ్రత స్త్రీ మరి ఎలా భిన్నంగా ప్రవర్తించగలదు?

कृतम्what has been done
कृतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकृ (धातु) + त (कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; ‘done (thing)’ अर्थे कर्मपद
पृच्छतिasks
पृच्छति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ्/पृच्छ् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
येनby whom / by which
येन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
एवindeed
एव:
Nipata (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण-निपात
वक्तव्यम्to be said / should be spoken
वक्तव्यम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootवच् (धातु) + तव्य (कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; तव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive: ‘to be said’)
तत्that
तत्:
Visheshana (Adjectival qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम; ‘प्रियेण’ इत्यस्य विशेषण-सम्बन्धः (तत्-प्रियेण = by that dear one)
प्रियेणby the dear one
प्रियेण:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; ‘प्रिय’ = प्रियजन (dear person)
हिindeed, for
हि:
Nipata (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थक-निपात
अतीतम्the past
अतीतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअतीत (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त-निष्पन्न)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; ‘past (thing)’ अर्थे
and
:
Samuccaya (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय-निपात
एवindeed
एव:
Nipata (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण-निपात
जानातिknows
जानाति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
कथम्how
कथम्:
Kriya-visheshana (Interrogative modifier/प्रश्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रश्नार्थक-क्रियाविशेषण (interrogative adverb)
नाथO lord
नाथ:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootनाथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/8th), एकवचन
पतिव्रताa devoted wife
पतिव्रता:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक) + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक) + आ (स्त्री-प्रत्यय)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः—पतेः व्रतम् यस्याः सा (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/उपपद-समासप्रायः)

Unclear from single-verse context (likely a female speaker addressing her lord, e.g., Pārvatī addressing Mahādeva, or a devoted wife addressing her husband).

Concept: Pativratā-dharma: a devoted wife aligns speech and action with what is beneficial and dear to her husband, who is portrayed as knowing past deeds—implying transparency and truthfulness in relationship.

Application: Cultivate truthful, timely speech; let affection be expressed through what genuinely benefits the other, not through ego-driven display.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: shringara

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A devoted wife stands with folded hands before her lord, her face calm and resolute, as if her fidelity itself is a vow. The scene emphasizes gentle speech—her lips poised to answer only what is dear and beneficial—while the household space feels like a sanctum.","primary_figures":["pativratā wife","husband/lord figure"],"setting":"simple home shrine corner with lamp, water pot, and a clean threshold; subtle sacred domesticity","lighting_mood":"temple lamp-lit","color_palette":["warm lamp gold","madder red","ivory white","deep teal","smoke gray"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: a pativratā in rich silk stands near a household shrine lamp, addressing her lord seated with dignified posture; gold leaf highlights on jewelry and lamp flame, ornate borders, saturated reds/greens, devotional domestic iconography rendered with South Indian precision.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: quiet interior with latticed window light, delicate facial expressions showing restraint and devotion; soft textiles, muted reds and cool blues, a small shrine niche with a diya; refined linework and lyrical intimacy.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines and stylized eyes; the wife in red-yellow-green garments, hands in añjali, the lord figure calm and knowing; flat temple-wall composition with a prominent lamp motif and floral fillers.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: domestic fidelity portrayed as worship—central figures framed by lotus and creeper borders; peacocks and floral motifs; deep blue ground with gold accents, emphasizing sanctity of speech and devotion."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"meditative","suggested_raga":"Yaman","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"serene","sound_elements":["lamp crackle","soft anklet chime","distant conch","silence"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: येनैव→येन एव; तत्प्रियेण→तत् प्रियेण; चैव→च एव।

FAQs

It suggests restraint and discretion: one should speak what is appropriate and pleasing in context, especially in a relationship grounded in duty and trust.

A pativratā is presented as unwaveringly aligned with her lord’s will and welfare, acting in faithful conformity to dharma and relational devotion.

Not directly; it reads more like a moral-dialogue line about fidelity, knowledge of the past, and proper speech, within a broader narrative in the chapter.