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Shloka 78

The Greatness of Hari’s Janmāṣṭamī (Jayantī) Vow

राजोवाच । अन्नाभावान्ममाद्याशु प्राणा यास्यंति निश्चितम् । स्त्रिय ऊचुः । जन्माष्टम्यां हरे राजन्न भोक्तव्यं त्वयानघ

rājovāca | annābhāvānmamādyāśu prāṇā yāsyaṃti niścitam | striya ūcuḥ | janmāṣṭamyāṃ hare rājanna bhoktavyaṃ tvayānagha

రాజు అన్నాడు—“అన్నం లేకపోవడం వల్ల ఈ రోజే నా ప్రాణాలు త్వరగా విడిచిపోతాయి, ఇది నిశ్చయం.” స్త్రీలు అన్నారు—“ఓ రాజా, ఓ నిర్దోషీ, జన్మాష్టమి నాడు, హరి జన్మదినంలో, నీవు భోజనం చేయరాదు.”

rājāthe king
rājā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
anna-abhāvātdue to lack of food
anna-abhāvāt:
Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootanna (प्रातिपदिक) + abhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (anna + abhāva = annābhāva)
mamaof me / my
mama:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)
adyatoday
adya:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootadya (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
āśuquickly
āśu:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootāśu (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
prāṇāḥlife-breaths / vital airs
prāṇāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootprāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)
yāsyantiwill depart
yāsyanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootyā (धातु)
FormFuture (लृट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
niścitamcertain(ly)
niścitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootniścita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; नि+√ci)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); Past Passive Participle (क्त) used adverbially/predicatively
striyaḥthe women
striyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)
ūcuḥsaid
ūcuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
janma-aṣṭamyāmon Janmāṣṭamī
janma-aṣṭamyām:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootjanma (प्रातिपदिक) + aṣṭamī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (janma + aṣṭamī)
hareO Hari
hare:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Roothari (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)
rājanO king
rājan:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध)
bhoktavyamshould be eaten
bhoktavyam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhoktavya (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √bhuj)
FormGerundive/Obligative (तव्यत्), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); Passive sense ‘to be eaten/should be eaten’
tvayāby you
tvayā:
Kartṛ (कर्ता) in passive/obligative (करण/कर्ता-निर्देश)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormInstrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन)
anaghaO sinless one
anagha:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootanagha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

King (rājā), followed by the women (striyaḥ)

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Type: river

Sandhi Resolution Notes: rājovāca → rājā + uvāca; annābhāvān → anna-abhāvāt (final -t before m); mamādyāśu → mama + adya + āśu; striya ūcuḥ → striyaḥ + ūcuḥ (visarga sandhi); rājanna → rājan (voc.); tvayānagha → tvayā + anagha.

H
Hari

FAQs

It references Janmāṣṭamī, the sacred observance commemorating the birth of Hari (commonly identified with Vishnu/Krishna), during which fasting or abstaining from food is enjoined.

First the king speaks, lamenting that without food his life may end; then the women respond, advising that he should not eat because it is Janmāṣṭamī—framing abstinence as a dharmic vow rather than mere scarcity.

It underscores steadfastness in vrata-dharma: even under hardship or fear, one should honor sacred disciplines dedicated to Hari, prioritizing spiritual commitment over immediate bodily impulse.