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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 40

The Greatness of the Gaṅgā

Gaṅgāmāhātmya

बहुनात्र किमुक्तेन वाराणस्या गुणान्प्रति । नामापि गृह्णातां काश्याश्चतुर्वर्गो न दूरतः ॥ ४० ॥

bahunātra kimuktena vārāṇasyā guṇānprati | nāmāpi gṛhṇātāṃ kāśyāścaturvargo na dūrataḥ || 40 ||

ఇక్కడ వారాణసీ గుణాలను ఎక్కువగా చెప్పి ఏమి ప్రయోజనం? కాశీ నామమాత్రం ఉచ్చరించినవారికైనా ధర్మార్థకామమోక్షములు అనే చతుర్వర్గం దూరంగా ఉండదు।

बहुनाby much (talk)
बहुना:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootबहु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); adverbial use ‘by much/at length’
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable adverb (स्थानवाचक अव्यय)
किम्what?
किम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Idiomatic—‘what (need)?’)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular (एकवचन); interrogative pronoun used idiomatically
उक्तेनby (further) saying
उक्तेन:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootउक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √वच्)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); past passive participle (क्त) used as noun ‘by what is said’
वाराणस्याःof Vārāṇasī
वाराणस्याः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootवाराणसी (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
गुणान्qualities, merits
गुणान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootगुण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
प्रतिwith regard to
प्रति:
Pratiyogin/Relation (सम्बन्ध/‘with regard to’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
FormIndeclinable preposition (उपपद-अव्यय) governing accusative; sense ‘towards/with regard to’
नामthe name
नाम:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); used as object ‘name’
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha/Emphasis (निपात/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable particle (निपात) meaning ‘even/also’
गृह्णाताम्let (them) take/utter
गृह्णाताम्:
Vidhi (विधि/Imperative injunction)
TypeVerb
Root√ग्रह् (धातु)
FormImperative (लोट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
काश्याःof Kāśī
काश्याः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootकाशी (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
चतुर्-वर्गःthe four aims of life
चतुर्-वर्गः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootचतुर् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी/संख्या-तत्पुरुष) ‘group of four’
not
:
Nishedha (निषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
FormNegative particle (निषेध-निपात)
दूरतःfar away
दूरतः:
Apādāna (अपादान/Source—adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदूर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAblatival adverb (तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय) ‘from afar/at a distance’

Narada (teaching in the Narada–Sanatkumara dialogue context)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

V
Varanasi
K
Kashi
C
Caturvarga

FAQs

It proclaims the exceptional sanctity of Kāśī/Varanasi: even mere remembrance or utterance of its name is said to quickly confer the full spectrum of human goals, culminating in mokṣa.

By emphasizing nāma-grahaṇa (taking the name), it aligns with bhakti’s core method—remembrance and reverent utterance—showing that sincere invocation of a sacred name/place draws divine grace and spiritual fulfillment.

The verse implicitly highlights the power of mantra-like recitation and correct verbal remembrance (linked to Śikṣā and Vyākaraṇa as disciplines of sound and words), stressing that even “nāma” (name) has spiritual efficacy.