Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 131

Graha–Ketu–Utpāta Lakṣaṇas: Solar/Lunar Omens, Comets, Eclipses, and Calendar Rules

Devanagari script

तपास्तपस्य क्रमशश्चैत्रादीनां समाह्वयाः । यस्मिन्मासे पौर्णमासी येन धिष्ण्येन संयुता ॥ १३१ ॥

Transliteration

tapāstapasya kramaśaścaitrādīnāṃ samāhvayāḥ | yasminmāse paurṇamāsī yena dhiṣṇyena saṃyutā || 131 ||

Translation

తపస్, తపస్య—ఇవి క్రమంగా చైత్రాది నెలలకు కూడా పేర్లుగా చెప్పబడినవి. ఏ నెలలో ఏ పౌర్ణమి వస్తుందో, ఆ పౌర్ణమి ఏ నక్షత్ర-ధిష్ణ్యంతో యుక్తమై ఉంటుందో, అదే ఆ మాసానికి గుర్తు, నామం అవుతుంది.

Word by Word

• तपाः: Tapā (a month-name)
• तपाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; नाम (month-name)

• तपस्य: Tapasyā (a month-name)
• तपस्य: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; नाम (month-name)

• क्रमशः: in order, successively
• क्रमशः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्रमशस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• चैत्रादीनाम्: of (months) beginning with Caitra
• चैत्रादीनाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चैत्र + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; ‘चैत्र-आदि’ = चैत्रः आदिः येषाम् (of those beginning with Caitra)

• समाह्वयाः: names, appellations
• समाह्वयाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समाह्वय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; ‘समाह्वय’ = name/calling

• यस्मिन्: in which
• यस्मिन्: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• मासे: in the month
• मासे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• पौर्णमासी: the full-moon (tithi)
• पौर्णमासी: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौर्णमासी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; पूर्णिमा-तिथि (full-moon day)

• येन: by which
• येन: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक सर्वनाम

• धिष्ण्येन: with the (lunar) mansion/seat
• धिष्ण्येन: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धिष्ण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; धिष्ण्य = नक्षत्र/स्थान (astral station/seat)

• संयुता: joined, connected
• संयुता: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + युज् (धातु) → संयुत (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; √युज् (to join)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (in dialogue with Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It frames sacred time as a dharmic structure: months are not merely civil labels but are ritually meaningful, defined through Paurṇimā and nakṣatra-conjunctions that guide observances and vows.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By clarifying the sacred calendar, it supports bhakti-practice indirectly—helping devotees perform vrata, pūjā timings, and festival observances on correct tithis and nakṣatra-yogas, which strengthens disciplined devotion.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Jyotiṣa (Vedāṅga astronomy/astrology): determining month-names and ritual months through the full moon (Paurṇimā) and its associated nakṣatra, a key rule for calendrical computation.