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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 8

Nirukta, Phonetic Variants, and Vedic Dhātu–Svara Taxonomy

Devanagari script

सुप्तिङुपग्रहलिंगनराणां कालहलूचूस्वरकर्तृयडां च । व्यत्ययमिच्छति शास्रकृदेषां सोऽपि च सिद्ध्यति बाहुलकेन ॥ ८ ॥

Transliteration

suptiṅupagrahaliṃganarāṇāṃ kālahalūcūsvarakartṛyaḍāṃ ca | vyatyayamicchati śāsrakṛdeṣāṃ so'pi ca siddhyati bāhulakena || 8 ||

Translation

సుప్ (నామ విభక్తి), తిఙ్ (క్రియా ప్రత్యయాలు), ఉపగ్రహం (ఉపసర్గం), లింగం మరియు నర/కర్త, అలాగే కాలం, హ-లు-చూ అక్షరాలు, స్వరం, కర్తృ, యడ్—ఇవన్నీ పరస్పర మార్పిడి కావాలని శాస్త్రకర్త ఉద్దేశిస్తే, అది కూడా బాహుల్యమైన ప్రాచుర్యంతో సిద్ధమవుతుంది।

Word by Word
सुप्तिङ्sup and tiṅ (nominal & verbal endings)
सुप्तिङ्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसुप् + तिङ् (प्रातिपदिक; द्वन्द्व-संज्ञा)
Formप्रातिपदिक-संज्ञा (technical term); प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter) — “sup and tiṅ (nominal and verbal endings)”
उपग्रहलिङ्गनराणाम्of upagraha, liṅga, and nara (categories)
उपग्रहलिङ्गनराणाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootउपग्रह + लिङ्ग + नर (प्रातिपदिक; समाहार-द्वन्द्व)
Formषष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine) — “of upagraha, liṅga, and nara (technical categories)”
कालहलूचूस्वरकर्तृयडाम्of kāla, hal, ū, cū, svara, kartṛ, yaḍ
कालहलूचूस्वरकर्तृयडाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल + हल् + ऊ + चू + स्वर + कर्तृ + यड् (प्रातिपदिक; समाहार-द्वन्द्व)
Formषष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine) — “of kāla, hal, ū, cū, svara, kartṛ, yaḍ (technical items)”
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
व्यत्ययम्transposition, interchange
व्यत्ययम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootव्यत्यय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)
इच्छतिdesires, intends
इच्छति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootइष् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
शास्त्रकृत्the śāstra-author (grammarian)
शास्त्रकृत्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र + कृ (धातु) + क्विप् (कृदन्त)
Formक्विप्-प्रत्ययान्त (agent noun); प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine) — “the author of the śāstra”
एषाम्of these
एषाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural), सर्वलिङ्ग (pronoun)
सःthat (he/it)
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine)
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (particle) — “also/even”
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
सिद्ध्यतिis accomplished, becomes established
सिद्ध्यति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसिध् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद (Ātmanepada)
बाहुलकेनby (the principle of) common/varied usage
बाहुलकेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootबाहुलक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter) — “by abundance/variety (of usage)”
Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in a Vedanga/śāstra context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities
N
Narada
S
Sanatkumara

FAQs

It frames śāstra as both rule-governed and usage-aware: disciplined learning (especially Vedāṅgas like Vyākaraṇa and Śikṣā) supports clarity in Vedic study, which in turn aids right understanding on the path of dharma and mokṣa.

Indirectly: accurate speech, chanting, and comprehension depend on grammar and accent; such correctness strengthens mantra-recitation and scriptural hearing (śravaṇa), which are foundational supports for sustained Viṣṇu-bhakti even when the verse itself is technical.

Vyākaraṇa and Śikṣā: it notes that grammatical authorities may allow substitutions and irregular forms, and that these can be accepted when backed by prevalent usage (bāhulaka), including matters of endings (suP/tiṅ) and Vedic accent (svara).

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