Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 92

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

Devanagari script

व्याघ्रभी राजपुरुषोऽक्षशौंडो द्विगुरुच्यते । पंचगवं दशग्रामी त्रिफलेति तु रूढितः ॥ ९२ ॥

Transliteration

vyāghrabhī rājapuruṣo'kṣaśauṃḍo dvigurucyate | paṃcagavaṃ daśagrāmī triphaleti tu rūḍhitaḥ || 92 ||

Translation

‘వ్యాఘ్రభీ’ (పులికి భయపడినవాడు) ‘రాజపురుషుడు’ అని పిలువబడును; జూదగాడు ‘అక్షశౌండ’ ‘ద్విగురు’ అని చెప్పబడును. ఐదు గోపదార్థాల మిశ్రమం ‘పంచగవ్య’; ‘దశగ్రామీ’ పది గ్రామాల పరిమాణం; ‘త్రిఫలా’ మూడు ఫలాల రూఢినామం॥ ९२ ॥

Word by Word

• व्याघ्र-भीः: fear of a tiger
• व्याघ्र-भीः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्याघ्र (प्रातिपदिक) + भी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘fear of a tiger’ (व्याघ्रस्य भीः)

• राज-पुरुषः: king’s servant
• राज-पुरुषः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक) + पुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘king’s man/royal servant’ (राज्ञः पुरुषः)

• अक्ष-शौण्डः: dice-addict / gambler
• अक्ष-शौण्डः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + शौण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; उपपद/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘addicted/expert in dice’ (अक्षेषु शौण्डः / अक्षस्य शौण्डः)

• द्विगुः: dvigu (numeral compound)
• द्विगुः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विगु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; technical term ‘dvigu-compound’

• उच्यते: is called
• उच्यते: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; Passive voice (कर्मणि प्रयोग)

• पञ्च-गवम्: five cows (as a set)
• पञ्च-गवम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्चन् (प्रातिपदिक) + गो (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; द्विगु-समासः ‘(group of) five cows’

• दश-ग्रामी: ten-village (unit/person)
• दश-ग्रामी: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दशन् (प्रातिपदिक) + ग्राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; द्विगु-समासः ‘having ten villages / ten-village (unit)’

• त्रि-फल: three fruits (triphala)
• त्रि-फल: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (प्रातिपदिक) + फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; द्विगु-समासः ‘three fruits’ (as a set)

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Quotation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotative particle (उद्धरण-निपात)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• रूढितः: is established (by convention)
• रूढितः: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुह् (धातु)
• Form: Past Passive Participle (कृत्: क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘is established by usage/convention’

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada on conventional/technical nomenclature)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: hasya

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It highlights how dharma-śāstra and ritual practice rely on rūḍhi (established usage): correct understanding of conventional terms (like pañcagavya and triphalā) prevents error in rites and supports purity and right conduct.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: bhakti is practiced through correctly performed pūjā, vrata, and śuddhi-kriyā; knowing standard ritual terms (e.g., pañcagavya) helps a devotee carry out Vishnu-oriented observances without confusion.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyākaraṇa/Nirukta-style semantic guidance: it demonstrates rūḍhi (conventional meaning) and technical nomenclature used in ritual and social administration, ensuring precise comprehension of śāstric instructions.