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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 100

The Exposition of the Dvādaśī Vow for the Twelve Months

Dvādaśī-vrata-nirṇaya and Mahā-dvādaśī Lakṣaṇas

यदोदये तु सवितुर्याम्या त्वेकादशीं स्पृशेत् । तदा वंजुलिकाख्यां तु तां त्यक्त्वोपोषयेत्सदा ॥ १०० ॥

yadodaye tu savituryāmyā tvekādaśīṃ spṛśet | tadā vaṃjulikākhyāṃ tu tāṃ tyaktvopoṣayetsadā || 100 ||

కాని సూర్యోదయ సమయంలో యామ్యా తిథి ఏకాదశిని స్పృశిస్తే, అప్పుడు ‘వంజులికా’ అనే ఆ ఏకాదశిని విడిచి, యథోచిత దినమునే ఎల్లప్పుడూ ఉపవాసం చేయవలెను।

यदाwhen
यदा:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal conjunction/adverb)
उदयेat the rising
उदये:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Time)
TypeNoun
Rootउदय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन
तुindeed/and
तु:
सम्बन्धसूचक (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थ (emphasis/contrast)
सवितुःof the Sun
सवितुः:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
याम्या(the) Yāmyā
याम्या:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootयाम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifier) — ‘southern/pertaining to Yama’ (here: a named tithi/condition)
तुand/indeed
तु:
सम्बन्धसूचक (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), पुनरुक्त-विशेषार्थ (emphasis)
एकादशीम्the Ekādaśī (tithi)
एकादशीम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootएकादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन
स्पृशेत्should touch/occur
स्पृशेत्:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootस्पृश् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद; ‘should touch/occur (touching)’
तदाthen
तदा:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (then)
वंजुलिकाख्याम्(the one) named Vaṃjulikā
वंजुलिकाख्याम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootवंजुलिका + आख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; ‘वंजुलिका-आख्या’ = वंजुलिका-नाम्नी (named Vaṃjulikā)
तुindeed
तु:
सम्बन्धसूचक (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle)
ताम्that (tithi/observance)
ताम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/Converb)
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive): ‘having abandoned’
उपोषयेत्should fast/observe upavāsa
उपोषयेत्:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootउपवस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद; causative sense in usage: ‘should observe a fast’
सदाalways
सदा:
क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/Frequency)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (always)

Sanatkumara (in instruction to Narada, Ekadashi-vrata rules)

Vrata: Ekādaśī (Vaṃjulikā)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

S
Savitr (Sun)
Y
Yama (implied by yāmyā)
E
Ekadashi (tithi)

FAQs

It emphasizes purity and precision in vrata-observance: Ekādaśī should be kept on the correctly determined day, because the spiritual fruit of the fast depends on proper tithi-nirṇaya (calendar correctness), not merely on intention.

By instructing how to correctly observe Ekādaśī upavāsa, it supports disciplined Vishnu-bhakti—devotion expressed through regulated vows (vrata), restraint, and faithful adherence to scriptural timing.

It reflects Jyotiṣa/Vedic calendrics (pañcāṅga principles): determining tithi contact at sunrise and rejecting a technically unsuitable Ekādaśī (Vaṃjulikā) to choose the proper fasting day.