Shloka 18

Adhyaya 78 — Hymn to Surya and the Distribution of Solar Splendour; Genealogy of Vaivasvata and Chaya’s Line

Sanskrit

चक्रं विष्णोर्वसूनाञ्च शङ्कवो 'थ सुदारुणाः ।

पावकस्य तथा शक्तिः शिबिका धनदस्य च ॥

Transliteration

cakraṃ viṣṇor vasūnāṃ ca śaṅkavo 'tha su-dāruṇāḥ | pāvakasya tathā śaktiḥ śibikā dhanadasya ca ||

Translation

విష్ణువుకు చక్రాన్ని, వసువులకు భయంకరమైన శూలికలను (ముళ్ల బాణాలను); అలాగే పావకుడు (అగ్ని) కొరకు శక్తి-ఆయుధాన్ని, ధనదుడు (కుబేరుడు) కొరకు పల్లకీని కూడా తయారు చేశాడు.

Word by Word

• cakram: discus
• cakram: Karma (कर्म; object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cakra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga, Dvitīyā (Accusative, 2nd), Ekavacana

• viṣṇoḥ: of Viṣṇu
• viṣṇoḥ: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (of Viṣṇu)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive, 6th), Ekavacana

• vasūnām: of the Vasus
• vasūnām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (of the Vasus)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vasu (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive, 6th), Bahuvacana

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta (conjunction)

• śaṅkavaḥ: spikes/pegs
• śaṅkavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; subject—items listed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaṅku (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative, 1st), Bahuvacana

• atha: then/next
• atha: Sambandha (sequencer)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: Anantarya/ārambha-avyaya (then/next; discourse particle)

• sudāruṇāḥ: very terrible
• sudāruṇāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su-dāruṇa (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; adjective qualifying 'śaṅkavaḥ'

• pāvakasya: of Pāvaka (Agni)
• pāvakasya: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (of Fire/Agni)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāvaka (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive, 6th), Ekavacana

• tathā: likewise/also
• tathā: Sambandha (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Upamā/saṅgati-avyaya (likewise/also)

• śaktiḥ: power/weapon 'śakti' (spear)
• śaktiḥ: Karta (कर्ता; item listed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śakti (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Strīliṅga (Feminine), Prathamā (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana

• śibikā: palanquin
• śibikā: Karta (कर्ता; item listed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śibikā (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• dhanadasya: of Dhanada (Kubera)
• dhanadasya: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (of Dhanada/Kubera)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhanada (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive, 6th), Ekavacana

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta (conjunction)

Speakers

• Markandeya (narrator)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Viṣṇu
• Vasus
• Agni (Pāvaka)
• Kubera (Dhanada)

Shakti Aspects

• Devi’s tejas materializing as divine attributes and vehicles

Key Themes

• Divine weapons
• Iconography
• Tejas distribution
• Mythic etiologies

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Divine functions are supported by appropriate ‘tools’—symbolizing that power should be structured and purposeful, not chaotic. Each deity’s role in cosmic order is equipped by the same ultimate source.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Carita: etiological detail within the Devi narrative explaining how gods obtain their distinctive implements.

What is the esoteric significance?

The cakra suggests cyclic time/order; the śakti suggests concentrated will-force; the śibikā (vehicle) suggests sovereignty and stability. All are expressions of one śakti differentiated by function.