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Shloka 19

Adhyaya 30Madālasā’s Instruction on Household Duties and Naimittika–Śrāddha Rites

मृताहनि यथान्यायं नॄणां यद्वदिहोदितम् ।

पुत्राभावे सपिण्डास्तु तदभावे सहोदकाः ॥

mṛtāhani yathānyāyaṃ nṝṇāṃ yadvad ihoditam |

putrābhāve sapiṇḍās tu tadabhāve sahodakāḥ ||

మరణదినమున పురుషుల విధానం ఇక్కడ నియమానుసారంగా చెప్పినట్లే. పుత్రుడు లేకపోతే సపిండ బంధువులు చేయవలెను; వారు లేకపోతే సహోదక బంధువులు చేయవలెను.

मृत-अहनिon the day of death
मृत-अहनि:
Kala-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण/Time)
TypeNoun
Rootमृत (कृदन्त; √मृ) + अहन्/अहनि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (death-day)
यथा-न्यायम्according to proper rule
यथा-न्यायम्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रिया-विशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय) + न्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास; क्रियाविशेषण (according to rule)
नॄणाम्of men
नॄणाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन
यद्वत्as
यद्वत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद्वत् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; तुलनार्थक/प्रकारवाचक (as/just as)
इहhere
इह:
Desha-adhikarana (देश-अधिकरण/Place)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)
उदितम्stated
उदितम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootउद् + √इ (धातु) → उदित (कृदन्त; past passive participle)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (said/declared)
पुत्र-अभावेin the absence of a son
पुत्र-अभावे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Condition-locative)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक) + अभाव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (absence of a son)
सपिण्डाःsapindas (agnatic kin)
सपिण्डाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसपिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
तुbut
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विरोध/विशेषार्थक (but/indeed)
तद्-अभावेin their absence
तद्-अभावे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Condition-locative)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + अभाव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (in the absence of that/they)
सह-उदकाःsahodakas (kinsmen sharing water offerings)
सह-उदकाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसह (अव्यय) + उदक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष (those connected by shared water-libation)
Didactic ritual instruction (speaker not explicit in excerpt)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaPitri PujaŚrāddha-vidhiInheritance of ritual dutyKinship hierarchy

FAQs

Dharma is distributed across a graded network of kinship: if the closest obligated person is absent, responsibility devolves to wider family—ensuring the dead are not abandoned.

Ancillary dharma/ācāra instruction.

The shift from sapiṇḍa to sahodaka reflects a diminishing but still valid ritual ‘conductivity’ of lineage—merit-transfer is conceived as possible through progressively wider relational circles.