Shloka 21

Adhyaya 29 — Alarka’s Inquiry and Madalasa’s Teaching on Householder Dharma (Gārhasthya), Vaiśvadeva, and Atithi Hospitality

Sanskrit

गृहस्थस्तत्परो भूत्वा सुसमाहितमानसः ।

ततस्तोयमुपादाय तेष्वेवाचमनाय वै ॥

Transliteration

gṛhasthas tatparo bhūtvā susamāhitamānasaḥ / tatas toyam upādāya teṣv evācamanāya vai

Translation

ఆ కర్మలో నిమగ్నుడై, మనస్సును బాగా సమాహితం చేసుకున్న గృహస్థుడు తరువాత అక్కడే నీటిని తీసుకొని అక్కడే ఆచమనం చేయాలి।

Word by Word

• गृहस्थः: the householder
• गृहस्थः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृहस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (गृहे + स्थः = 'house-dweller')

• तत्परः: intent on that
• तत्परः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तत्-पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (तत् + पर = 'devoted to that')

• भूत्वा: having become
• भूत्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal)

• सु-समाहित-मानसः: with well-composed mind
• सु-समाहित-मानसः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु + समाहित + मानस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—कर्मधारय (समाहितं मानसः यस्य/समाहितमानसः; उपपद 'सु' = well)

• ततः: then/thereafter
• ततः: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• तोयम्: water
• तोयम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तोय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• उपादाय: having taken
• उपादाय: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-आ-दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) from √दा with उपसर्ग (उप+आ); अव्ययभाव

• तेषु: in/among them
• तेषु: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, सप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), बहुवचन

• एव: indeed
• एव: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis)

• आचमनाय: for sipping (ritual sipping)
• आचमनाय: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/अर्थे चतुर्थी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आचमन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (Dative/purpose/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन

• वै: indeed
• वै: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle), खलु/नूनम्-अर्थक (indeed)

Speakers

• Not in Devi Māhātmyam; household dharma instruction.

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Gṛhastha-duties
• Ritual purity
• Mindfulness (samādhāna)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Ritual is not mechanical: inner composure (samāhita-manas) is presented as integral to right action, making domestic duty a disciplined spiritual practice.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/Dharma supplement to Purāṇic teaching; it operationalizes dharma at the level of daily conduct.

What is the esoteric significance?

Ācamana signifies internalization of purity: water functions as a carrier of intention, marking a transition from ordinary activity to consecrated action.