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Shloka 12

Adhyaya 23Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

मृतेति सा मन्ममित्तं त्यजामि यदि जीवितम् ।

किं मयोपकृतं तस्याः श्लाघ्यमेतत्तु योषिताम् ॥

mṛteti sā mannamittaṃ tyajāmi yadi jīvitam / kiṃ mayopakṛtaṃ tasyāḥ ślāghyam etat tu yoṣitām

నేను ‘ఆమె మరణించింది’ అని భావించి ప్రాణత్యాగం చేస్తే, ఆమెకు నేను చేసిన ఉపకారం ఏమిటి? స్త్రీల విషయంలో ఇలాంటి త్యాగమే శ్లాఘనీయం (ఉదారమని) ప్రశంసించబడుతుంది.

mṛtādead (she being dead)
mṛtā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootmṛta (कृदन्त; √mṛ धातु)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP) — 'dead'
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formइति-शब्दः; उद्धरण/quotative particle
she
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
mat-nimittambecause of me / for my sake
mat-nimittam:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootmad (सर्वनाम) + nimitta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (मत्-निमित्तम् = 'for my sake/as my cause')
tyajāmiI abandon / I give up
tyajāmi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√tyaj (त्यज् धातु)
Formलट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
yadiif
yadi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadi (अव्यय)
Formशर्तार्थक-अव्यय (conditional particle)
jīvitamlife
jīvitam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootjīvita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
kimwhat?
kim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक
mayāby me
mayā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/सर्वनाम, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
upakṛtama service/benefit (done)
upakṛtam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootupakṛta (कृदन्त; upa+√kṛ धातु)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP) — 'a benefit done'
tasyāḥof/for her
tasyāḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
ślāghyampraiseworthy
ślāghyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootślāghya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण — 'praiseworthy'
etatthis
etat:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विरोध/अन्वयार्थक particle ('but/indeed')
yoṣitāmof women
yoṣitām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootyoṣit (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
Implied internal monologue of Ṛtadhvaja (contextually; explicit speaker tag appears at 23.19)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaGrief and restraintGendered social ethicsSatya and honor

FAQs

The verse critiques impulsive self-destruction as ethically ambiguous: dying ‘because she is dead’ does not necessarily constitute genuine service to the beloved. It also notes a social double-standard—female self-sacrifice is culturally praised—setting up the speaker’s later reasoning about duty and honor.

Primarily outside the pañcalakṣaṇa core (sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita). It belongs to vaṃśānucarita-type narrative ethics (conduct of notable persons) used to teach dharma through story.

The tension between grief-driven dissolution (tamas) and duty-driven preservation (dharma/rajas guided by sattva) is foregrounded: the ‘praised’ act is questioned, hinting that true loyalty may require living to fulfill higher obligations.