Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 39

अध्याय ३० — क्रोधदोषाः क्षमाप्रशंसा च

Defects of Anger and the Praise of Forbearance

आयज्छीलववतो दृष्टवा ह्वीमतो वृत्तिकर्शितान्‌ | अनार्यान्‌ सुखिनश्चैव विद्धलामीव चिन्तया,क्योंकि जो लोग श्रेष्ठ, शीलवान्‌ और संकोची हैं, वे तो जीविकाके लिये कष्ट पा रहे हैं; किंतु जो अनार्य (दुष्ट) हैं, वे सुख भोगते हैं; यह सब देखकर मेरी उक्त धारणा पुष्ट होती है और मैं चिन्तासे विह्नल-सी हो रही हूँ

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | āryaśīlavataḥ dṛṣṭvā hrīmataḥ vṛttikarśitān | anāryān sukhinaś caiva viddhalāmīva cintayā ||

శ్రేష్ఠులు, శీలవంతులు, లజ్జాశీలులు జీవనోపాధి కోసం కష్టపడి క్షీణించిపోతుండగా, అనార్యులు సుఖంగా జీవిస్తున్నారని నేను చూస్తే—నా పూర్వ నిశ్చయం మరింత బలపడుతుంది; నేను చింతతో వ్యాకులమైపోతాను।

आयच्छीलवत:those who are modest and of good conduct
आयच्छीलवत::
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआयत-शीलवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
ह्रीमन्त:the bashful/modest
ह्रीमन्त::
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootह्रीमन्त्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वृत्तिकर्शितान्afflicted by livelihood (pressed by subsistence)
वृत्तिकर्शितान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत्ति-कर्शित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अनार्यान्the ignoble/wicked
अनार्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनार्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सुखिन:happy/prosperous
सुखिन::
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसुखिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
विद्धलाम्bewildered, distraught
विद्धलाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्धला
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
चिन्तयाby/with worry
चिन्तया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootचिन्ता
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

The verse voices a classic dharmic crisis: the apparent inversion of moral order—virtuous people suffering while the wicked prosper—prompting deep reflection on dharma, karma, and the reliability of ethical causality in lived experience.

Yudhiṣṭhira, observing the hardships of the righteous and the ease of the unrighteous, expresses distress and confusion. His statement frames a broader discussion in the forest context about dharma, justice, and how to interpret suffering.