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Shloka 38

अध्याय ३० — क्रोधदोषाः क्षमाप्रशंसा च

Defects of Anger and the Praise of Forbearance

न मातृपितृवद्‌ राजन्‌ धाता भूतेषु वर्तते । रोषादिव प्रवृत्तोडयं यथायमितरो जन:,राजन! मैं समझती हूँ, ईश्वर समस्त प्राणियोंके प्रति माता-पिताके समान दया एवं स्नेहयुक्त बर्ताव नहीं कर रहे हैं, वे तो दूसरे लोगोंकी भाँति मानो रोषसे ही व्यवहार कर रहे हैं

na mātṛpitṛvad rājan dhātā bhūteṣu vartate | roṣādiva pravṛtto 'yaṃ yathāyam itaro janaḥ ||

రాజా! ధాత (విధాత) ప్రాణుల పట్ల తల్లి-తండ్రిలా స్నేహంతో ప్రవర్తిస్తున్నట్లు కనిపించదు; ఆయన ఇతరుల్లాగానే కోపంతో ప్రేరితుడై కార్యంలో ప్రవృత్తుడవుతున్నట్లు అనిపిస్తుంది।

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मातृ-पितृ-वत्like (one's) mother and father
मातृ-पितृ-वत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमातृ + पितृ + वत्
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धाताthe Creator; the Ordainer
धाता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधातृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूतेषुamong beings; towards creatures
भूतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
वर्ततेbehaves; acts; conducts himself
वर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
रोषात्from anger; out of wrath
रोषात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरोष
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
इवas if; like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
प्रवृत्तःset in motion; engaged; acting
प्रवृत्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-वृत्
Formक्त (past passive participle, used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अयम्this (one)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas; just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
अयम्this (one)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतरःother; another
इतरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootइतर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जनःperson; people
जनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
Dhātā (Creator/Ordainer)
R
rājan (addressed king)

Educational Q&A

The verse voices a moral-philosophical doubt: if a divine ordainer governs the world, why does that governance not resemble parental compassion toward all beings? It highlights the tension between faith in providence and the lived experience of suffering, prompting reflection on karma, destiny, and the limits of human judgment about divine action.

In the forest-exile setting of the Vana Parva, Yudhiṣṭhira, burdened by misfortune, speaks to a kingly interlocutor and questions the apparent fairness and compassion of the cosmic ruler (Dhātā). His words express grief and bewilderment, comparing the divine conduct to the anger-driven behavior of ordinary people.