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Shloka 23

अध्याय ३० — क्रोधदोषाः क्षमाप्रशंसा च

Defects of Anger and the Praise of Forbearance

यथा दारुमयी योषा नरवीर समाहिता । ईरयत्यड्रमजड्भानि तथा राजन्नरिमा: प्रजा:,नरवीर नरेश! जैसे कठपुतली सूत्रधारसे प्रेरित हो अपने अंगोंका संचालन करती है, उसी प्रकार यह सारी प्रजा ईश्वरकी प्रेरणासे अपने हस्त-पाद आदि अंगोंद्वारा विविध चेष्टाएँ करती हैं

yathā dārumayī yoṣā naravīra samāhitā | īrayaty aṅgam ajñāni tathā rājann arimāḥ prajāḥ ||

యుధిష్ఠిరుడు అన్నాడు—“నరవీర నరేశా! దారుతో చేసిన బొమ్మ సూత్రధారి ప్రేరణతో తన జడ అవయవాలను కదిలించినట్లే, రాజా, ఈ ప్రజలందరూ ఈశ్వర ప్రేరణతో చేతులు, కాళ్లు మొదలైన అవయవాల ద్వారా నానావిధ చర్యలు చేస్తారు.”

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
दारुमयीmade of wood
दारुमयी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदारुमय
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
योषाwoman (doll/puppet figure)
योषा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयोषा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
नरवीरO hero among men
नरवीर:
TypeNoun
Rootनरवीर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
समाहिताset/controlled, directed
समाहिता:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-आ-धा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
ईरयतिmoves/sets in motion
ईरयति:
TypeVerb
Rootईरय्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अङ्गम्limb
अङ्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्ग
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अजड्भानिthe non-sentient ones (i.e., inert limbs)
अजड्भानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअजड्भान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
तथाso, in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अरिमाःenemies
अरिमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअरिमन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रजाःsubjects, people
प्रजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
king (addressed as rājan)
P
puppet/wooden woman (dārumayī yoṣā)

Educational Q&A

Human actions are compared to a puppet’s movements: outward activity occurs through the senses and limbs, but the deeper impulse is governed by a higher power. The ethical takeaway is to reduce ego, harsh blame, and pride, cultivating humility and self-restraint in judging others’ actions.

Yudhiṣṭhira addresses a king/hero and uses a vivid metaphor of a wooden puppet moved by a controller to explain how people’s varied actions arise under divine prompting, framing a reflective discussion on responsibility, governance, and moral perspective.