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Shloka 10

अध्याय ३० — क्रोधदोषाः क्षमाप्रशंसा च

Defects of Anger and the Praise of Forbearance

नावमंस्था हि सदृशान्‌ नावराउ्छेयस: कुतः । अवाप्य पृथिवीं कृत्स्नां न ते शुज्धमवर्धत,आपने अपने समान और अपनेसे छोटोंका भी कभी अपमान नहीं किया। फिर अपनेसे बड़ोंका तो करते ही कैसे? सारी पृथ्वीका राज्य पाकर भी आपका प्रभुताविषयक अहंकार कभी नहीं बढ़ा

nāvamaṃsthā hi sadṛśān nāvarāṃś ceyasaḥ kutaḥ | avāpya pṛthivīṃ kṛtsnāṃ na te śuddham avardhata ||

యుధిష్ఠిరుడు అన్నాడు—నీవు నీతో సమానులనైనా ఎప్పుడూ అవమానించలేదు; నీకంటే చిన్నవారినీ కాదు; మరి పెద్దలను ఎలా తృణీకరిస్తావు? సమస్త భూమిపై రాజ్యాధికారం పొందినా నీ అంతఃశుద్ధి, వినయం తగ్గలేదు; ప్రభుత్వ గర్వం నీలో పెరగలేదు.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवमंस्थाःyou insulted / you despised
अवमंस्थाः:
TypeVerb
Rootअवमंस्था
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सदृशान्equals, those similar (to you)
सदृशान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसदृश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवरान्inferiors, those lower (than you)
अवरान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअवर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
उतand also, even
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
श्रेयसःfrom one better/superior (than you) / of the superior
श्रेयसः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Ablative/Genitive, Singular
कुतःhow then? whence?
कुतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुतः
अवाप्यhaving obtained
अवाप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-आप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
पृथिवीम्the earth
पृथिवीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कृत्स्नाम्entire, whole
कृत्स्नाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्स्न
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेto you / of you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive/Dative, Singular
शुद्धम्pure (here: pure-mindedness / purity)
शुद्धम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अवर्धतincreased, grew
अवर्धत:
TypeVerb
Rootवर्ध्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
pṛthivī (the earth/entire realm)

Educational Q&A

True nobility is shown by consistent respect and humility: one who does not demean equals or inferiors will naturally honor elders, and even great power (rule over the whole earth) should not produce arrogance.

Yudhiṣṭhira praises the addressee’s character, emphasizing their habitual non-contempt toward others and their freedom from pride even after attaining universal sovereignty, framing this as a mark of dharmic conduct.