Shloka 50

Āścarya-kathana: Brāhmaṇa–Nāga Dialogue on Sūrya (Vivasvat) and the ‘Second Sun’ Phenomenon

Devanagari script

ततो ज्येषछ्े तु दौहित्रे प्रादाद्‌ दक्षो नृपोत्तम । आदित्ये सवितुर्ज्येछ्ले विवस्वाउ्जगृहे तत:

Transliteration

tato jyeṣṭhe tu dauhitrē prādād dakṣo nṛpottama | āditye savitur jyeṣṭhe vivasvān jagṛhe tataḥ ||

Translation

నృపశ్రేష్ఠా! ఆపై దక్షుడు తన జ్యేష్ఠ దౌహిత్రునకు—సవితృ యొక్క జ్యేష్ఠ పుత్రుడైన ఆదిత్యునకు—ఈ ధర్మమును ఇచ్చెను. తదనంతరం అతనినుండే వివస్వాన్ (సూర్యుడు) ఈ ఉపదేశమును గ్రహించెను.

Word by Word

• ततः: then/thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• ज्येष्ठे: in/with regard to the eldest
• ज्येष्ठे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्येष्ठ
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• दौहित्रे: to the daughter's son (grandson)
• दौहित्रे: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दौहित्र
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• प्रादात्: gave
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-दा
• Form: Aorist, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• दक्षः: Daksha
• दक्षः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्ष
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नृपोत्तमः: the best of kings
• नृपोत्तमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृपोत्तम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• आदित्ये: in/among the Adityas; in (the case of) Aditi's line
• आदित्ये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• सवितुः: of Savitṛ
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवितृ
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• ज्येष्ठे: in/with regard to the eldest
• ज्येष्ठे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ज्येष्ठ
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• विवस्वान्: Vivasvān (the Sun)
• विवस्वान्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विवस्वत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• जगृहे: received/accepted
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रह्
• Form: Perfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• ततः: then/thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Dakṣa
• Āditya
• Savitṛ
• Vivasvān (Sūrya)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights dharma as a preserved and authoritative teaching transmitted through a venerable lineage. Ethical instruction is portrayed as something to be received from qualified elders and passed onward intact, reinforcing continuity and legitimacy.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana narrates a succession of instruction: Dakṣa imparts the doctrine of dharma to his eldest grandson Āditya (associated with Savitṛ), and from Āditya the Sun-god Vivasvān receives that teaching.