Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 27

सत्य–अनृत, प्रकाश–तमस्, स्वर्ग–नरक विवेचनम्

Truth and Untruth as Light and Darkness; Svarga and Naraka as Ethical Consequences

पृथिव्यन्ते समुद्रास्तु समुद्रान्ते तम: स्मृतम्‌ । तमसो३न्‍्ते जल प्राहुर्जलस्यान्तेडग्निरेव च,पृथ्वीके अन्तमें समुद्र हैं। समुद्रके अन्तमें घोर अन्धकार है। अन्धकारके अन्तमें जल है और जलके अन्तमें अग्निकी स्थिति बतायी गयी है

pṛthivy-ante samudrās tu samudrānte tamaḥ smṛtam | tamaso 'nte jalaṃ prāhur jalasyānte 'gnir eva ca ||

పృథివి అంచున సముద్రాలు; సముద్రాల అంచున ఘోర తమస్సు అని చెప్పబడింది. ఆ తమస్సు చివర నీరు, నీటి చివర అగ్నియే ఉందని ఋషులు ప్రకటించారు.

पृथिव्यन्तेat the end of the earth
पृथिव्यन्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी + अन्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
समुद्राःoceans
समुद्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
समुद्रान्तेat the end of the ocean
समुद्रान्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र + अन्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तमःdarkness
तमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्मृतम्is said/remembered (as)
स्मृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (धातु)
Formक्त, Neuter, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past participle)
तमसःof darkness
तमसः:
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
अन्तेat the end
अन्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
जलम्water
जलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्राहुःthey have said
प्राहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + अह् (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
जलस्यof water
जलस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootजल
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
अन्तेat the end
अन्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अग्निःfire
अग्निः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भरद्वाज उवाच

B
Bharadvāja
P
pṛthivī (earth)
S
samudra (oceans)
T
tamaḥ (darkness)
J
jala (water)
A
agni (fire)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents a traditional cosmological layering—earth, ocean, darkness, water, fire—to emphasize that the world is understood through ordered principles and inherited teachings, and that inquiry proceeds by tracing causes and boundaries beyond what is immediately seen.

Bharadvāja is describing the structure of the cosmos as preserved in tradition, listing what is said to lie at the ‘ends’ or outer limits of successive realms, as part of a broader Shānti Parva discussion on knowledge and the nature of reality.