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Shloka 18

तौ हि संजय दुःखार्तो विज्ञाप्यौ वचनाद्धि मे । इष्टं भृत्या भृता: सम्यग्‌ भू: प्रशास्ता ससागरा,“मेरे माता-पिता युद्धधर्मके ज्ञाता हैं। वे दोनों मेरी मृत्युका समाचार सुनकर दुःखसे आतुर हो जायाँगे। तुम मेरे कहनेसे उन्हें यह संदेश देना कि मैंने यज्ञ किये, जो भरण-पोषण करनेयोग्य थे, उनका पालन किया और समुद्रपर्यन्त पृथ्वीका अच्छी तरह शासन किया

tau hi sañjaya duḥkhārto vijñāpyau vacanād dhi me | iṣṭaṃ bhṛtyā bhṛtāḥ samyag bhūḥ praśāstā sasāgarā ||

సంజయుడు అన్నాడు—ఓ సంజయా, నా మరణవార్త విన్నాక ఆ తల్లిదండ్రులు తప్పక శోకంతో ఆర్తులవుతారు. కాబట్టి నా మాటగా వారికి తెలియజెయ్యి—నేను విధివిధానంగా యజ్ఞాలు చేశాను, ఆశ్రితులను సక్రమంగా పోషించాను, మరియు సముద్రసహిత భూమిని సరిగా పాలించాను.

तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
संजयO Sañjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दुःखार्तःafflicted with sorrow
दुःखार्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखार्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विज्ञाप्यौto be informed (should be informed)
विज्ञाप्यौ:
TypeVerb
Rootविज्ञाप्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
वचनात्from (my) word/at (my) bidding
वचनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
मेof me/my
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
इष्टम्sacrificed (performed sacrifice)/worshipped
इष्टम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootइष्ट
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भृत्यान्dependents/servants
भृत्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भृताःmaintained/supported
भृताः:
TypeVerb
Rootभृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सम्यक्properly/well
सम्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक्
भूःthe earth
भूः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभू
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रशास्ताruler/governor
प्रशास्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रशास्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स-सागराtogether with the ocean(s)
स-सागरा:
TypeAdjective
Rootससागर
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
P
parents (mother and father)
E
earth (Bhūḥ)
O
ocean (sāgara)

Educational Q&A

Even amid the certainty of death in war, one’s moral accounting is framed through dharma: performing prescribed rites, protecting dependents, and ruling justly. The verse presents ethical kingship and responsibility to others as the measure of a life’s worth.

The speaker anticipates that his parents will be devastated upon hearing of his death and instructs Sanjaya to deliver a consoling report: that he fulfilled sacrificial duties, cared for those under his protection, and governed the realm properly to its farthest limits.