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Shloka 54

वसुदेव–अर्जुन संवादः

Vasudeva–Arjuna Dialogue in the Aftermath of Dvārakā

ततोडर्जुनो धर्नुर्दिव्यं गाण्डीवमजरं महत्‌ | आरोपयितुमारेभे यत्नादिव कथंचन

tato 'rjuno dhanuḥ divyaṃ gāṇḍīvam ajaraṃ mahat | āropayitum ārebhe yatnād iva kathaṃcana ||

Then Arjuna set himself to string his divine bow, the mighty, ageless Gāṇḍīva. Yet, despite earnest effort, he could scarcely manage to raise and fit it—signaling a grave turning of fortune and the waning of heroic power after the great war.

ततःthen; thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from/then')
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, accusative, singular
दिव्यम्divine
दिव्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदिव्य
FormNeuter, accusative, singular (agreeing with धनुः)
गाण्डीवम्Gāṇḍīva (name of the bow)
गाण्डीवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगाण्डीव
FormNeuter, accusative, singular (apposition to धनुः)
अजरम्unaging; imperishable
अजरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअजर
FormNeuter, accusative, singular (agreeing with धनुः/गाण्डीवम्)
महत्great; mighty
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, accusative, singular (agreeing with धनुः/गाण्डीवम्)
आरोपयितुम्to string; to mount (on the bow)
आरोपयितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-रुह्
FormTumun (infinitive): 'to string/mount (the bow)'
आरेभेbegan; undertook
आरेभे:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-रभ्
FormPerfect (liṭ), 3rd person, singular, Parasmaipada
यत्नात्with effort; by exertion
यत्नात्:
TypeNoun
Rootयत्न
FormMasculine, ablative, singular
इवas if; like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
FormAvyaya
कथंचनsomehow; by any means
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन
FormAvyaya

वैशम्पायन उवाच

A
Arjuna
G
Gāṇḍīva

Educational Q&A

Even the greatest worldly prowess is not permanent; when time (kāla) turns and merit is exhausted, strength and mastery can diminish. The verse underscores humility before fate and the ethical insight that power is contingent, not a fixed possession.

Vaiśampāyana narrates that Arjuna tries to ready his famed divine bow Gāṇḍīva, but he struggles to string or even properly raise it. This moment foreshadows the weakening of the old heroic order in the Mausala Parva’s aftermath.