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Shloka 53

वसुदेव–अर्जुन संवादः

Vasudeva–Arjuna Dialogue in the Aftermath of Dvārakā

तथोक्तास्तेन वीरेण कदर्थीकृत्य तद्वच: । अभिपेतुर्जनं मूढा वार्यमाणा: पुन: पुन:,वीरवर अर्जुनके ऐसा कहनेपर उनकी बातोंकी अवहेलना करके वे मूर्ख अहीर उनके बारंबार मना करनेपर भी उस जनसमुदायपर टूट पड़े

tathoktās tena vīreṇa kadarthīkṛtya tad vacaḥ | abhipetur janaṃ mūḍhā vāryamāṇāḥ punaḥ punaḥ ||

Thus addressed by that hero, those deluded men, scorning his words, rushed upon the crowd—again and again—despite being repeatedly restrained. The verse underscores how contempt for wise counsel and unchecked aggression quickly turns a gathering into violence, revealing the ethical peril of willful folly.

तथाthus
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
उक्ताःhaving been spoken to / addressed
उक्ताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formpast passive participle (क्त), masculine, nominative, plural
तेनby him
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, singular
वीरेणby the hero
वीरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
कदर्थीकृत्यhaving insulted / having disregarded
कदर्थीकृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootकदर्थी√कृ
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), active (parasmaipada sense)
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
वचःspeech / words
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
अभिपेतुःthey rushed upon / attacked
अभिपेतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि√पत्
Formperfect (लिट्), 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
जनम्the people / crowd
जनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजन
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
मूढाःfoolish
मूढाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमूढ
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
वार्यमाणाःbeing restrained / being forbidden
वार्यमाणाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√वृ (वारयति)
Formpresent passive participle (शानच् in passive sense), masculine, nominative, plural
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पुनःagain (repeatedly)
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
a hero (vīra; contextually Arjuna in the Gītā Press Hindi gloss)
J
jana (the crowd/people)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights an ethical warning: when people contemptuously reject prudent counsel and refuse restraint, delusion (mūḍhatā) fuels repeated aggression, leading to harm and social breakdown.

After a hero speaks to restrain them, certain foolish men disregard his words and repeatedly rush to attack the assembled people, even though they are stopped and warned again and again.