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Shloka 21

अभिमन्यु-परिवेष्टनम्

Encirclement and Counterassault of Abhimanyu

ते हन्यमाना विवशा नानालिऊ्लेः शितै: शरै: । अभिपेतु: सुबहुश: शलभा इव पावकम्‌,नाना प्रकारके चिह्लोंसे सुशोभित पैने बाणोंकी मार खाकर वे बहुसंख्यक कौरववीर विवश हो धरतीपर गिर पड़े, मानो ढेर-के-ढेर फतिंगे जलती आगमें पड़ गये हों

te hanyamānā vivaśā nānāliṅgaiḥ śitaiḥ śaraiḥ | abhipetuḥ subahuśaḥ śalabhā iva pāvakam ||

సంజయుడు పలికెను— నానావిధ చిహ్నాలతో గుర్తింపబడిన పదునైన బాణాల దెబ్బలకు వారు అశక్తులై, అనేకమంది కౌరవ వీరులు నేలపై కూలిపోయారు—దహించే అగ్నిలోకి చిమ్మటల గుంపు దూకినట్లుగా.

तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हन्यमानाःbeing struck/killed
हन्यमानाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
FormPresent passive participle (शानच्), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
विवशाःhelpless, overpowered
विवशाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविवश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नानालिङ्गैःwith various marks/emblems
नानालिङ्गैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनाना-लिङ्ग
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
शितैःsharp
शितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशित
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
शरैःby arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अभिपेतुःfell down upon / rushed down
अभिपेतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-पत् (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
सुबहुशःin great numbers, repeatedly
सुबहुशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु-बहुशस्
Formtrue
शलभाःmoths/locusts
शलभाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशलभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
Formtrue
पावकम्fire
पावकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपावक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kaurava warriors
A
arrows (śara)
F
fire (pāvaka)
M
moths (śalabha)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the catastrophic inevitability that can arise in war: when a force becomes overwhelming, even brave warriors lose agency and are swept into destruction. The moth-and-fire simile warns how attraction to battle-glory or compulsion of conflict can lead masses toward ruin, raising an implicit ethical lament about the cost of warfare.

Sañjaya describes Kaurava fighters being struck by many sharp, emblem-marked arrows and collapsing in large numbers. Their fall is compared to moths plunging into fire, emphasizing both the speed and the helplessness of their destruction amid the ongoing battle in Droṇa Parva.