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Shloka 34

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 85: Āṣṭaka–Yayāti संवादः

Merit-Exhaustion, Rebirth, and the Critique of Pride

एवमुक्‍त्वा ययातिस्तु स्मृत्वा काव्यं महातपा: । संक्रामयामास जरां तदा पूरो महात्मनि,ऐसा कहकर महातपस्वी ययातिने शुक्राचार्यका स्मरण किया और अपनी वृद्धावस्था महात्मा पूरुको देकर उनकी युवावस्था ले ली

evam uktvā yayātis tu smṛtvā kāvyaṁ mahātapāḥ | saṅkrāmayām āsa jarāṁ tadā pūro mahātmani ||

అట్లు పలికి మహాతపస్వి యయాతి కావ్యుని (శుక్రాచార్యుని) స్మరించాడు. అప్పుడు తన జరను మహాత్ముడు పూరులోకి సంక్రమింపజేసి, పూరుని యౌవనాన్ని తానే స్వీకరించాడు.

एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), active
ययातिःYayāti
ययातिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootययाति
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
स्मृत्वाhaving remembered
स्मृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), active
काव्यम्Kāvya (Śukra); the poet/sage
काव्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाव्य
Formneuter, accusative, singular
महातपाःthe great ascetic
महातपाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहातपस्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
संक्रामयामासcaused to pass/transfer
संक्रामयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootसं-क्रम् (causative: संक्रामय-)
Formperfect (periphrastic), 3rd, singular, active
जराम्old age
जराम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजरा
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
पूरोःof Puru
पूरोः:
TypeNoun
Rootपूरु
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
महात्मनिin/unto the great-souled one
महात्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
Formmasculine, locative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Y
Yayāti
K
Kāvya (Śukrācārya/Śukra)
P
Pūru
J
jarā (old age)
Y
yauvana (youth, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension between personal desire and dharma: even a powerful king and ascetic can seek to evade the consequences of aging, but doing so shifts the burden onto another—making consent, duty, and the moral cost of indulgence central concerns.

After speaking, Yayāti invokes/recalls Kāvya (Śukrācārya) and performs a supernatural transference: he gives his own old age to his son Pūru and takes Pūru’s youth for himself.