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Shloka 20

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 85: Āṣṭaka–Yayāti संवादः

Merit-Exhaustion, Rebirth, and the Critique of Pride

ययातिरुवाच यत्‌ त्वं मे हृदयाज्जातो वयः स्व॑ न प्रयच्छसि । तस्माद्‌ द्रुह्मो प्रियः कामो न ते सम्पत्स्यते क्वचित्‌,ययाति बोले--ट्रह्मो! तू मेरे हृदयसे उत्पन्न होकर भी अपनी जवानी मुझे नहीं दे रहा है; इसलिये तेरा प्रिय मनोरथ कभी सिद्ध नहीं होगा

Vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca: Yayātir uvāca—yat tvaṃ me hṛdayāj jāto vayaḥ svaṃ na prayacchasi | tasmād druhmo priyaḥ kāmo na te sampatsyate kvacit ||

యయాతి అన్నాడు—ద్రుహ్యూ! నీవు నా హృదయం నుంచే పుట్టినవాడవై, నీ యౌవనాన్ని నాకు ఇవ్వడం లేదు; అందుచేత నీకు ప్రియమైన కోరిక ఎక్కడా ఎప్పుడూ నెరవేరదు.

ययातिःYayati
ययातिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootययाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
यत्since/that (because)
यत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद्
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
मेof me / my
मे:
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
हृदयात्from (my) heart
हृदयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootहृदय
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
जातःborn
जातः:
TypeAdjective
Rootजात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वयःyouth/age
वयः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवयस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
स्वम्your own
स्वम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रयच्छसिyou give/bestow
प्रयच्छसि:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormPresent, Second, Singular
तस्मात्therefore/from that (reason)
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्
द्रुह्मःO Druhma (name/addressed person)
द्रुह्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुह्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रियःdear/beloved
प्रियः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कामःdesire/wish
कामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेyour/of you
ते:
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
सम्पत्स्यतेwill succeed/come to pass
सम्पत्स्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + पद्
FormFuture, Third, Singular
क्वचित्ever/anywhere (at any time)
क्वचित्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्वचित्

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
Y
Yayāti
D
Druhma

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension between personal desire and familial obligation: refusal to support a rightful request (here, the transfer of youth) provokes a moral consequence framed as a curse—unchecked self-interest can lead to the frustration of one’s own cherished aims.

In Vaiśaṃpāyana’s narration, King Yayāti addresses Druhma, reproaching him for not giving up his youth despite being ‘born from my heart,’ and in anger declares that Druhma’s beloved wish will never be accomplished.