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Shloka 36

Droṇotpattiḥ and Dhanurveda-Prāpti

Origin of Droṇa and Acquisition of Martial Science

सा तेन सुषुवे देवी शवेन भरतर्षभ । त्रीन्‌ शाल्वांश्षतुरो मद्रान्‌ सुतान्‌ भरतसत्तम,भरतमश्रेष्ठ! रानी भद्गराने उस शवके द्वारा सात पुत्र उत्पन्न किये, जिनमें तीन शाल्वदेशके और चार मद्रदेशके शासक हुए

sā tena suṣuve devī śavena bharatarṣabha | trīn śālvān caturō madrān sutān bharatasattama ||

ఓ భరతర్షభా! ఆ దేవి శవుని ద్వారా ఏడు కుమారులను ప్రసవించింది—మూడు శాల్వదేశాధిపతులు, నాలుగు మద్రదేశాధిపతులు అయ్యారు.

साshe
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तेनby him/with him
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
सुषुवेgave birth (bore)
सुषुवे:
TypeVerb
Rootसू (प्रसवे)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
देवीthe queen/lady
देवी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
शवेनby Śava (proper name)
शवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootभरत-ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
त्रीन्three
त्रीन्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (numeral)
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शाल्वान्Śālvas (sons/rulers of Śālva)
शाल्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun (proper/tribal name)
Rootशाल्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
चतुरःfour
चतुरः:
Karma
TypeAdjective (numeral)
Rootचतुर्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मद्रान्Madras (sons/rulers of Madra)
मद्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun (proper/tribal name)
Rootमद्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सुतान्sons
सुतान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भरतसत्तमO best of the Bharatas
भरतसत्तम:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootभरत-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Ś
Śava
T
the queen (devī)
B
Bharata lineage (Bharatarṣabha/Bharatasattama as addressee)
Ś
Śālva (region/people)
M
Madra (region/people)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the importance of lineage and responsible succession in kṣatriya society: legitimate progeny ensure continuity of governance and the orderly transmission of authority across regions.

Vaiśampāyana reports that a queen bore seven sons by Śava; three became rulers associated with Śālva and four became rulers associated with Madra, indicating the branching of a royal line into multiple regional kingdoms.