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Shloka 4

Yuga-Dharma: The Four Ages, Decline of Dharma, and the Rise of Social Order

शिष्यैः प्रशिष्यैरभितः संवृतं ब्रह्मवादिनम् / पपात दण्डवद् भूमौ त्यक्त्वा शोकं तदार्ऽजुनः

śiṣyaiḥ praśiṣyairabhitaḥ saṃvṛtaṃ brahmavādinam / papāta daṇḍavad bhūmau tyaktvā śokaṃ tadār'junaḥ

శిష్యప్రశిష్యులతో చుట్టుముట్టబడిన ఆ బ్రహ్మవాదిని చూచి, అర్జునుడు శోకాన్ని విడిచి భూమిపై దండవత్‌గా పడి నమస్కరించెను।

śiṣyaiḥby disciples
śiṣyaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootśiṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया (3rd/करण), बहुवचन
praśiṣyaiḥby grand-disciples
praśiṣyaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpraśiṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया (3rd/करण), बहुवचन
abhitaḥall around
abhitaḥ:
Deśa (देश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootabhitas (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक (adverb: on all sides)
saṃvṛtamsurrounded
saṃvṛtam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-√vṛ (धातु) + saṃvṛta (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (to brahmavādinam)
brahma-vādinamthe expounder of Brahman
brahma-vādinam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman + vādin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (ब्रह्म वदति इति)
papātafell down
papāta:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpat (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
daṇḍa-vatlike a staff (prostrate)
daṇḍa-vat:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdaṇḍa + vat (तद्धित)
Formअव्यय; उपमानवाचक (adverbial: like a staff)
bhūmauon the ground
bhūmau:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन
tyaktvāhaving abandoned
tyaktvā:
Kriyā (क्रिया/पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roottyaj (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (absolutive); अव्ययभाव; पूर्वकालिक क्रिया
śokamgrief
śokam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśoka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक (then)
arjunaḥArjuna
arjunaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootarjuna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन

Narrator (Purāṇic narrator describing Arjuna’s act of surrender)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

A
Arjuna
B
Brahmavādin (Brahman-teaching sage/ācārya)
D
Disciples (śiṣya)
G
Grand-disciples (praśiṣya)

FAQs

By foregrounding a “brahmavādin” (one who teaches Brahman), the verse points to Brahman/Ātman-knowledge as the remedy for sorrow: Arjuna abandons grief and approaches the teacher of the Supreme Reality through surrender.

The verse emphasizes the foundational yogic discipline of śaraṇāgati (humble surrender) and guru-upāsanā (reverent approach to the teacher). Such humility is treated as a prerequisite for higher practices—self-control, contemplation, and Brahman-inquiry—central to Kurma Purana’s spiritual ethos.

Indirectly, it supports the Purāṇa’s non-sectarian synthesis: the focus is not on sect identity but on Brahman-teaching and liberation from grief—an aim shared across Shaiva-Vaishnava frameworks in the Kurma Purana’s integrative theology.