Shloka 58
Yuga-Vibhāga and Kāla-Pramāṇa
Measures of Time and the Four Yugas
Devanagari script
शुभाः प्रवृत्तयस्तेषां धर्मा वर्णाश्रमास्तथा / संकल्पितेन मनसा वाचोक्तेन स्वकर्मणा
Transliteration
śubhāḥ pravṛttayasteṣāṃ dharmā varṇāśramāstathā / saṃkalpitena manasā vācoktena svakarmaṇā
Translation
వారి ప్రవృత్తులు శుభమైనవి; వర్ణాశ్రమధర్మములు కూడా అలాగే—మనసు సంకల్పంతో, వాక్యోక్తితో, స్వకర్మచరణతో।
Word by Word
śubhāḥauspicious
śubhāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśubha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (प्रथमा/1st case), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन); viśeṣaṇa (adjective)
pravṛttayaḥactivities, undertakings
pravṛttayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpravṛtti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; kartṛ-padārtha (subject-noun)
teṣāmof them
teṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga/napuṃsaka (contextual pronoun), Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (षष्ठी/Genitive), Bahuvacana
dharmāḥduties, dharmas
dharmāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
varṇa-āśramāḥthe varṇas and āśramas
varṇa-āśramāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + āśrama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; itaretara-dvandva (copulative)
tathāand also, likewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; samuccaya/anuvṛtti-artha (conjunctive: 'and also/likewise')
saṃkalpitenaby what is mentally conceived
saṃkalpitena:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṃkalpita (कृदन्त; √kḷp/कल्प्)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Tṛtīyā vibhakti (तृतीया/Instrumental), Ekavacana; bhūta-kṛdanta (past passive participle) used adjectivally
manasāby the mind
manasā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootmanas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Instrumental), Ekavacana
vācāby speech
vācā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvāc (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Instrumental), Ekavacana
uktenaby what is spoken
uktena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootukta (कृदन्त; √vac/वच्)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Instrumental), Ekavacana; bhūta-kṛdanta (PPP)
sva-karmaṇāby one’s own action
sva-karmaṇā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + karman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Instrumental), Ekavacana; karmadhāraya: 'one’s own deed'