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Shloka 31

Prāyaścitta, the ‘Elephant Bath’ Problem, and the Opening of Ajāmila-Upākhyāna

विकर्षतोऽन्तर्हृदयाद्दासीपतिमजामिलम् । यमप्रेष्यान् विष्णुदूता वारयामासुरोजसा ॥ ३१ ॥

vikarṣato ’ntar hṛdayād dāsī-patim ajāmilam yama-preṣyān viṣṇudūtā vārayām āsur ojasā

యమరాజ దూతలు దాసీపతి అజామిలుని హృదయాంతరమునుండి జీవాన్ని లాగుచుండగా, విష్ణుదూతలు ఘనమైన నాదంతో బలంగా వారిని ఆపిరి।

vikarṣataḥof (those) dragging/pulling
vikarṣataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeVerb
Rootvi√kṛṣ (धातु)
Formवर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present active participle, शतृ), षष्ठी बहुवचन (Genitive plural) — ‘of (those) dragging’
antarwithin
antar:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/locative sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootantar (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (indeclinable), उपसर्ग/क्रियाविशेषणार्थे — ‘within/inside’
hṛdayātfrom (his) heart
hṛdayāt:
Apadana (अपादान/Source)
TypeNoun
Roothṛdaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/अपादान), एकवचन — ‘from the heart’
dāsī-patimthe husband of the maidservant
dāsī-patim:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootdāsī (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive tatpuruṣa) ‘दास्याः पतिः’; पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन — object
ajāmilamAjāmila
ajāmilam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootajāmila (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन — proper noun
yama-preṣyānYama’s messengers
yama-preṣyān:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootyama (प्रातिपदिक) + preṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ‘यमस्य प्रेष्याः’; पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन — object
viṣṇu-dūtāḥViṣṇu’s messengers
viṣṇu-dūtāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक) + dūta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ‘विष्णोः दूताः’; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), बहुवचन — subject
vārayāmrestrained/forbade
vārayām:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Root√vṛ (धातु) causative √vāraya (णिच्)
Formलुङ् (Aorist), परस्मैपद, उत्तम? actually 3rd plural with augment in next word; here verbal base with sandhi split: ‘vārayām’ + ‘āsur’; causative of √vṛ ‘to restrain’
āsurthey did
āsur:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Root√as (धातु)
Formलुङ् (Aorist), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन — auxiliary completing periphrastic aorist ‘vārayām āsur’
ojasāby (their) power
ojasā:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootojas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन — instrumental of means

A Vaiṣṇava, one who has surrendered to the lotus feet of Lord Viṣṇu, is always protected by Lord Viṣṇu’s order carriers. Because Ajāmila had chanted the holy name of Nārāyaṇa, the Viṣṇudūtas not only immediately arrived on the spot but also at once ordered the Yamadūtas not to touch him. By speaking with resounding voices, the Viṣṇudūtas threatened to punish the Yamadūtas if they continued trying to snatch Ajāmila’s soul from his heart. The order carriers of Yamarāja have jurisdiction over all sinful living entities, but the messengers of Lord Viṣṇu, the Viṣṇudūtas, are capable of punishing anyone, including Yamarāja, if he wrongs a Vaiṣṇava.

A
Ajāmila
V
Viṣṇudūtas
Y
Yamapreṣyas (Yamadūtas)
Y
Yama

FAQs

In Ajāmila’s deliverance narrative, this verse states that Viṣṇu’s messengers powerfully prevented Yama’s messengers from taking Ajāmila, indicating the superior authority of bhakti and the Lord’s protection.

Because Ajāmila had called out the name “Nārāyaṇa,” drawing the Lord’s protection; the Viṣṇudūtas intervened to block punishment and to establish the principle that devotion to Viṣṇu supersedes ordinary karmic arrest.

Cultivate remembrance of God—especially through nāma-japa and kīrtana—so that spiritual consciousness becomes your refuge even at life’s most critical moments.