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Atharva Veda 4.20.1: Kanda 4, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 20, Mantra 1

Sukta 20

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

पिशाचक्षयणम्। आ प॑श्यति॒ प्रति॑ पश्यति॒ परा॑ पश्यति॒ पश्य॑ति । दिव॑म॒न्तरि॑क्ष॒माद् भूमिं॒ सर्वं॒ तद् दे॑वि पश्यति

IAST Transliteration

piśācakṣáyaṇam | ā́ paśyati práti paśyati párā paśyati páśyati | dívaṃ antárikṣam ā́d bhū́miṃ sárvaṃ tád devi paśyati

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

A Piśāca-destroyer is she: she looketh hither, she looketh back in answer, she looketh forth afar—she looketh. From heaven, from mid-air, down unto earth, all that is, O Goddess, she beholdeth.

Translation

ఆమె పిశాచ-క్షయిణి (పిశాచులను నశింపజేసేది): ఇటు చూస్తుంది, ప్రతిగా వెనుకకూ చూస్తుంది, దూరంగా ముందుకూ చూస్తుంది—చూస్తూనే ఉంటుంది. స్వర్గం నుండి, అంతరిక్షం నుండి, కింద భూమివరకు—ఉన్నదంతా, ఓ దేవీ, ఆమె చూస్తుంది.

Word by Word
आtowards; forth; (prefix)
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग) अथवा आ (अव्यय)
पश्यतिhe/she sees
पश्यति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√पश् (दृश्-अर्थे)
प्रतिtowards; in return; back
प्रति:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
पश्यतिsees
पश्यति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√पश्
पराaway; beyond; forth
परा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरा (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
पश्यतिsees
पश्यति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√पश्
पश्यतिsees
पश्यति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√पश्
दिवम्the heaven/sky
दिवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिव् (प्रातिपदिक: द्यौ/दिव्)
अन्तरिक्षम्the midspace/atmosphere
अन्तरिक्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तरिक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
आत्then; also (Vedic particle)
आत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआत् (अव्यय; छान्दस रूप, = अथ/अथात्/अथ वा ‘from’ अर्थे)
भूमिम्the earth
भूमिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि (प्रातिपदिक)
सर्वम्all; the whole
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
देविO goddess
देवि:
—
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootदेवी (प्रातिपदिक)
पश्यतिshe sees
पश्यति:
Kartā (अन्तर्निहितः: सा/देवी)
TypeVerb
Root√पश्
Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (hymn to a deified oṣadhi)

Devata: Devī Oṣadhi (plant-goddess) as piśāca-destroyer

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh-like cadence (prose-like repetitions within metrical frame)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: bhayankara

Secondary: vira

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