Sutra 39

Devanagari script

तेषामलाभे यथा पार्ष्णिग्राहोपग्रहे वक्ष्यामस्तथा भूमिमवस्थापयेत् ॥ कZ_०७.११.३९ ॥

Transliteration

teṣām alābhe yathā pārṣṇigrāhopagrahe vakṣyāmas tathā bhūmim avasthāpayet

Translation

అవి (రక్షణోపాయాలు/లాభాలు) లభించకపోతే, వెనుక శత్రువు మరియు వెనుక శత్రువు మిత్రుని విషయములో చెప్పబోయే విధంగా, తన భూభాగస్థితిని స్థిరపరచాలి.

Word by Word

• तेषाम्: of those (i.e., of them)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: षष्ठी-बहुवचनम् (सम्बन्धे)

• अलाभे: in (the case of) non-attainment / failure to obtain
• Type: Noun
• Root: अलाभ
• Form: सप्तमी-एकवचनम् (अधिकरणे)

• यथा: as / in the manner in which
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा
• Form: अव्ययम्; उपमान/प्रकारार्थे

• पार्ष्णिग्राहोपग्रहे: in the (matter of) the subjugation/bringing under control of the rear-enemy
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्ष्णिग्राहोपग्रह
• Form: सप्तमी-एकवचनम् (अधिकरणे); समासान्त-पदम्

• वक्ष्यामः: we shall state / we shall explain
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: लृट्-लकारः (भविष्यत्); उत्तमपुरुषः; बहुवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• तथा: so / in that same way
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा
• Form: अव्ययम्; तदनुरूपार्थे

• भूमिम्: the land / territory
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (कर्म)

• अवस्थापयेत्: should establish / should settle / should secure (it)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-स्था (णिच्)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (आज्ञार्थ/विध्यर्थ); प्रथमपुरुषः; एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्; णिच्-प्रत्ययान्त (causative)

Entities Mentioned

• pārṣṇigrāha (rear-enemy)
• upagraha (rear-enemy’s supporter)

More Details

FAQs

Who is the ‘pārṣṇigrāha’ in Kautilya’s mandala theory?

A hostile power positioned to strike from behind—exploiting distraction during external campaigns.

What is the governance takeaway?

If ideal diplomatic safeguards are unavailable, consolidate internal and border security first, especially against rear threats and their coalitions.