Sutra 19
Devanagari script
रात्राववस्कन्देन जागरयित्वा निद्राक्लान्तानवसुप्तान्वा दिवा हन्यात् ॥ कZ_१०.३.१९ ॥
Transliteration
rātrāv avaskandena jāgarayitvā nidrāklāntān avasuptān vā divā hanyāt
Translation
By making night raids, keep them awake; then strike by day those exhausted from lack of sleep, or those who have fallen asleep.
Word by Word
रात्रौat night
रात्रौ:
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी एकवचन (अधिकरण)
अवस्कन्देनby a sudden raid/assault
अवस्कन्देन:
TypeNoun (action noun)
Rootअव-√स्कन्द्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया एकवचन (करण); भाववाचक-नाम (अवस्कन्द = sudden raid/assault)
जागरयित्वाhaving kept (them) awake
जागरयित्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√जागरय् (caus. of √जागृ)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); परस्मैपदी-प्रयोग; ‘having kept (them) awake’
निद्राsleep
निद्रा:
TypeNoun
Rootनिद्रा
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; तृतीया एकवचन (हेतु/साधन-भावे) — ‘by/with sleep’ (in compound)
क्लान्तान्exhausted (men)
क्लान्तान्:
TypeAdjective (participle used as adj.)
Root√क्लम् (ppp क्लान्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया बहुवचन; ‘exhausted’ (qualifying persons/enemies)
अवसुप्तान्(those) asleep
अवसुप्तान्:
TypeAdjective (participle used as adj.)
Rootअव-√स्वप् (ppp अवसुप्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया बहुवचन; ‘fallen asleep / asleep’
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय (or)
दिवाby day / in daytime
दिवा:
TypeIndeclinable (time adverb)
Rootदिवा
Formकालवाचक अव्यय
हन्यात्should strike/kill (them)
हन्यात्:
TypeVerb
Root√हन्
Formविधिलिङ् (optative); परस्मैपदी; प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन; ‘should strike/kill’
Entities Mentioned
R
raiding partiesE
enemy camp/forcesFAQs
Control the operational tempo: force the enemy into continuous reaction, degrade readiness, then choose the moment of decisive engagement.