Verse 24

Kaivalya

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

एवं विदित्वा परमात्मरूपं गुहाशयं निष्कलमद्वितीयम् । समस्तसाक्षिं सदसद्विहीनं प्रयाति शुद्धं परमात्मरूपम् । यः शतरुद्रियमधीते सोऽग्निपूतो भवति सुरापानात्पूतो भवति स ब्रह्महत्यायाः पूतो भवति स सुवर्णस्तेयात्पूतो भवति स कृत्याकृत्यात्पूतो भवति तस्मादविमुक्तमाश्रितो भवत्यत्याश्रमी सर्वदा सकृद्वा जपेत् ॥२४–२५॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

एवम् । विदित्वा । परम-आत्म-रूपम् । गुहा-शयम् । निष्कलम् । अ-द्वितीयम् । समस्त-साक्षिम् । सत्-असत्-विहीनम् । प्रयाति । शुद्धम् । परम-आत्म-रूपम् । यः । शत-रुद्रियम् । अधीते । सः । अग्नि-पूतः । भवति । सुरा-पानात् । पूतः । भवति । सः । ब्रह्म-हत्यायाः । पूतः । भवति । सः । सुवर्ण-स्तेयात् । पूतः । भवति । सः । कृत्या-अकृत्यात् । पूतः । भवति । तस्मात् । अविमुक्तम् । आश्रितः । भवति । अति-आश्रमी । सर्वदा । सकृत्-वा । जपेत् ।

IAST Transliteration

evaṃ viditvā paramātmarūpaṃ guhāśayaṃ niṣkalam advitīyam | samastasākṣiṃ sadasadvihīnaṃ prayāti śuddhaṃ paramātmarūpam | yaḥ śatarudriyam adhīte so ’gnipūto bhavati surāpānāt pūto bhavati sa brahmahatyāyāḥ pūto bhavati sa suvarṇasteyāt pūto bhavati sa kṛtyākṛtyāt pūto bhavati tasmād avimuktam āśrito bhavaty atyāśramī sarvadā sakṛd vā japet ||

Translation

இவ்வாறு பரமாத்மாவின் இயல்பை அறிந்து—இதயக் குகையில் உறையும், பகுதியற்ற, அத்வைதமான, அனைத்திற்கும் சாட்சி, சத்‑அசத் இரண்டிற்கும் அப்பாற்பட்ட—சாதகன் தூய பரமாத்ம‑ஸ்வரூபத்தை அடைகிறான். சதருத்ரீயத்தைப் பயிலும் ஒருவர் அக்னியால் தூய்மையடைகிறார்; மதுபானத் தோஷத்திலிருந்து தூய்மையடைகிறார்; பிரம்மஹத்தி பாவத்திலிருந்து தூய்மையடைகிறார்; பொன் திருட்டிலிருந்து தூய்மையடைகிறார்; செய்யக்கூடாத செயல்கள் மற்றும் செய்யவேண்டியதை விடுதல் ஆகிய பாவங்களிலிருந்தும் தூய்மையடைகிறார். ஆகவே அவர் அவிமுக்தத்தைச் சார்கிறார்; சாதாரண ஆச்ரம வரம்புகளைத் தாண்டியவராகிறார்; எப்போதும், ஒருமுறை செய்தால்கூட, அதனை ஜபிக்க வேண்டும்।

Academic Translation

Thus, having known the nature of the Supreme Self—dwelling in the cave (of the heart), partless, non-dual, the witness of all, devoid of being and non-being—one attains the pure nature of the Supreme Self. He who studies the Śatarudriya becomes purified by fire; he becomes purified from drinking liquor; he becomes purified from brahman-killing; he becomes purified from stealing gold; he becomes purified from (sins of) forbidden acts and omissions. Therefore he resorts to Avimukta; he becomes beyond the (ordinary) āśramas; always, having done it once (or even once), he should recite (it).

Verse Context

• Mokṣa through brahmajñāna; hṛdaya-guhā (cave of the heart); advaita (non-duality); sākṣitva (witnesshood); śuddhi and upāsanā (Śatarudrīya) as ancillary
• Mahavakya: Complements ‘Tat Tvam Asi’/‘Aham Brahmāsmi’ by describing the realized Brahman as ‘advitīya’ and ‘samastasākṣin’; the attainment is identity (not travel) into the ‘paramātmarūpa’.
• Atharva
• Atharva-veda (Kaivalya Upaniṣad; śākhā attribution uncertain) Shakha
• Chandas: First portion: śloka/anuṣṭubh-like; second portion: prose (arthavāda-style eulogy)