Skanda Purana — Brahma Khanda, Shloka 3

Devanagari script

व्यास उवाच । इन्द्रेणैव महाराज तपस्तप्तं सुदुष्करम् । ग्रामादुत्तरदिग्भागे शतवर्षाणि तत्र वै

Transliteration

vyāsa uvāca | indreṇaiva mahārāja tapastaptaṃ suduṣkaram | grāmāduttaradigbhāge śatavarṣāṇi tatra vai

Translation

வியாசர் கூறினார்—மகாராஜா, குடியிருப்பின் வடதிசைப் பகுதியில் இந்திரன் தானே அங்கே நூறு ஆண்டுகள் மிகக் கடினமான தவம் செய்தான்।

Word by Word

• व्यासः: Vyāsa
• व्यासः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• इन्द्रेण: by Indra
• इन्द्रेण: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• एव: indeed/only
• एव: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle/emphasis)

• महाराज: O great king
• महाराज: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन

• तपः: austerity, penance
• तपः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nominative/Accusative), एकवचन

• तप्तम्: performed/undertaken
• तप्तम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तप् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तपः इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्

• सुदुष्करम्: very difficult
• सुदुष्करम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + दुष्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तपः इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्

• ग्रामात्: from the village
• ग्रामात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (5th/Ablative), एकवचन

• उत्तर-दिक्-भागे: in the northern direction-part
• उत्तर-दिक्-भागे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक) + दिक् (प्रातिपदिक) + भाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन; समासः: उत्तरायाः दिशः भागः (locative of place)

• शत-वर्षाणि: (for) a hundred years
• शत-वर्षाणि: Kāla-adhikarana (Time/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत (प्रातिपदिक) + वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कालपरिमाण (measure of time)

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of place)

• वै: indeed, surely
• वै: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle/assurance)

Speaker

Vyāsa

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Dharmāraṇya (contextual)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Mahārāja (addressed as ‘Bhārata’ in adjacent verses; likely royal interlocutor)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A northern forest clearing beyond a small settlement; Indra in severe austerity posture, long duration suggested by withered grass, seasonal cycles, and a luminous aura over the spot.

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• Indra

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

A place becomes spiritually charged through intense tapas; divine beings themselves model penance to restore dharma.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The narrative explains the sanctifying background of Indrasara and the Indreśvara region.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

It describes Indra’s tapas (austerity) as the foundational act; no direct instruction to the pilgrim is stated in this line.