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Shloka 32

Varṇa-adhikāra, Karma, and the Protection of One’s Attained Spiritual Status (वर्णाधिकारः कर्म च स्वस्थानरक्षणम्)

शक्नोत्विह समर्थश्च यष्टुं क्रतुशतैरपि । आत्मदेहपरित्यागः कर्तुं युधि सुदुष्करः

śaknotviha samarthaśca yaṣṭuṃ kratuśatairapi | ātmadehaparityāgaḥ kartuṃ yudhi suduṣkaraḥ

இங்கே ஒருவர் திறமையுடன் நூறு வேள்விகளையும் செய்யக்கூடியவராக இருந்தாலும், போர்க்களத்தில் தன் உடலைத் திட்டமிட்டு துறப்பது மிகக் கடினம்.

शक्नोतिis able/can
शक्नोति:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootशक् (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — Present indicative, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
इहhere
इह:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देश/कालवाचक — Indeclinable adverb (here/in this world)
समर्थःcapable
समर्थः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसमर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक — Conjunction
यष्टुम्to perform sacrifice
यष्टुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Rootयज् (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive) — Infinitive (to sacrifice/perform worship)
क्रतु-शतैःby hundreds of rites/sacrifices
क्रतु-शतैः:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootक्रतु (प्रातिपदिक) + शत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन — Neuter, Instrumental (3rd), Plural; द्विगु-समास (शतं क्रतूनाम्)
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अप्यर्थक/सम्भावनार्थक — Particle (even/also)
आत्म-देह-परित्यागःabandoning one’s own body
आत्म-देह-परित्यागः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + देह (प्रातिपदिक) + परित्याग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (आत्मनः देहस्य परित्यागः)
कर्तुम्to do
कर्तुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive) — Infinitive (to do)
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootयुध् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन — Feminine, Locative (7th), Singular
सु-दुष्करःvery difficult
सु-दुष्करः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु (अव्यय) + दुष्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; कर्मधारय (अतिशयेन दुष्करः)

Suta Goswami (narrating the puranic discourse in the Umāsaṃhitā context)

Tattva Level: pashu

FAQs

It contrasts external merit (even many sacrifices) with the rarer inner heroism of true relinquishment of embodied attachment—pointing toward Shaiva Siddhanta’s emphasis on transcending pāśa (bondage) through deeper detachment and divine grace rather than ritual quantity alone.

Linga-worship is meant to purify intention and ego; the verse implies that ritual acts gain their highest value when they mature into surrender and self-offering to Lord Shiva (Saguna Shiva), not merely as outward performance.

Adopt a daily discipline where worship leads to tyāga: recite the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) with bhakti, offer the sense of “I” into Shiva in meditation, and practice simple austerity (like honest restraint and non-attachment) as the inner sacrifice.