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Shloka 31

Varṇa-adhikāra, Karma, and the Protection of One’s Attained Spiritual Status (वर्णाधिकारः कर्म च स्वस्थानरक्षणम्)

क्रव्यादैर्दतिभिश्चैव हतस्य गतिरुत्तमा । द्विजगोस्वामिनामर्थे भवेद्विपुलदाक्षया

kravyādairdatibhiścaiva hatasya gatiruttamā | dvijagosvāmināmarthe bhavedvipuladākṣayā

மாமிசம் உண்ணுவோர் அல்லது யானைகள் கொன்றாலும் அவனுக்கு உயர்ந்த கதியே கிடைக்கும்; மேலும் பிராமணர்களும் கோ-ரட்சகர்களும் நலனுக்காகச் செய்த செயல் பெரும் தக்ஷிணை-பலன் தரும் மகாபுண்ணியமாகும்।

क्रव्यादैःby flesh-eaters (carnivores)
क्रव्यादैः:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument/Agentive means)
TypeNoun
Rootक्रव्याद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
दतिभिःby cutters/biters (predators)
दतिभिः:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument/Agentive means)
TypeNoun
Rootदति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)
एवindeed, just
एव:
Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)
हतस्यof the slain (person)
हतस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle) ‘हत’ + षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (contextual)
गतिःthe destiny, course
गतिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootगति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
उत्तमाexcellent, highest
उत्तमा:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ‘गति’)
द्विज-गो-स्वामिनाम्of Brahmins, cows, and masters (owners)
द्विज-गो-स्वामिनाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक) + गो (प्रातिपदिक) + स्वामिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमाहार/इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (copulative), षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
अर्थेfor the sake of, in the cause of
अर्थे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Domain)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; प्रयोजनवाचक (in the matter/purpose)
भवेत्would be, should become
भवेत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
विपुल-दाक्षयाby abundant skill/ability
विपुल-दाक्षया:
Karaṇa (करण/Means)
TypeNoun
Rootविपुल (प्रातिपदिक) + दाक्षा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Rudra

Role: nurturing

Offering: naivedya

B
Brahmins
C
Cow-protectors (Gosvamin)

FAQs

The verse highlights that dharmic intention—acting for the welfare of Brahmins and the protection of cows—purifies even extreme suffering or death, turning it into a cause for an elevated posthumous state and merit aligned with Shaiva dharma.

In the Shiva Purana, Saguna Shiva worship is inseparable from dharma: offerings, service, and protection of sacred institutions (Brahmins, cows) are treated as extensions of Shiva-bhakti, producing merit supportive of grace (anugraha) and higher gati.

It points to dāna and dākṣiṇā—supporting Brahmins and cow-protection as a devotional discipline—often performed alongside Shiva-pūjā (e.g., on Mahāśivarātri) to stabilize merit and cultivate sattva for spiritual ascent.