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Rig Veda 1.72.5: Mandala 1, Sukta 72, Mantra 5

Sukta 1.72

Rishi: Madhucchandā Vaiśvāmitra (traditional assignment for RV 1.72 within the Vaiśvāmitra collection)
Devata: Agni (as inner knower and divine mediator); also the Angirasa/ṛṣi-company as agents of the quest
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 1.72; this verse is in the Triṣṭubh cadence typical of the hymn)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

संजानाना उप सीदन्नभिज्ञु पत्नीवन्तो नमस्यं नमस्यन् । रिरिक्वांसस्तन्वः कृण्वत स्वाः सखा सख्युर्निमिषि रक्षमाणाः ॥

Transliteration

saṃ-jānānā́ upa sīdan abhí-jñu patnī́-vanto namasyáṃ namasyan | ririkvā́ṃsas tanváḥ kṛṇvata svā́ḥ sakhā́ sakhyúr nimiṣí rakṣámāṇāḥ ||

Translation

ஒரே உணர்வில் ஒன்றுபட்டு, அவர்கள் அபிஜ்ஞன்—உள்ளார்ந்த அறிபவன்—அருகில் வந்து அமர்ந்தனர். தம்-தம் சக்திரூபப் பத்னிகளுடன் கூடி, வணங்கத்தக்கதைக் கண்டு வணங்கி வணங்கி தலைவணங்கினர். குற்றமற்றுத் தூய்மையடைந்து, தம் உடல்களைத் தம் உண்மைச் சொரூபமாக வடித்தனர்—உள் விழிப்பின் ஒரு நிமிஷத்தில் நண்பன் நண்பனைப் பாதுகாத்தான்.

Word by Word
संजानानाःagreeing together; being of one mind
संजानानाः:
Kartā (with implied finite verb ‘सीदन्/सीदन्ति’)
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Rootसम् + √ज्ञा (जानाति)
उपnear; up to
उप:
— (verbal preverb with √सद्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
सीदन्sitting down; approaching
सीदन्:
Kartā (co-referential with ‘संजानानाः’)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√सद् (सीदति) + उप
अभिज्ञुthe knowing one; the recognizer (i.e., the worthy/recognized one)
अभिज्ञु:
Karma (goal/object of ‘उप-सीदन्’)
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि + √ज्ञा / प्रातिपदिक ‘अभिज्ञु’
पत्नीवन्तःhaving wives; with consorts
पत्नीवन्तः:
Kartā (same agents as above)
TypeAdjective
Rootपत्नीवत् (पत्नी + वत्)
नमस्यम्the one to be worshipped; venerable
नमस्यम्:
Karma (object of ‘नमस्यन्’)
TypeAdjective (gerundive-like) / Noun-adj
Rootनमस्य (from √नम् ‘to bow’) / ‘नमस्य’ prātipadika
नमस्यन्worshipping; bowing to
नमस्यन्:
Kartā (same agents)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√नम् (नमति) → नमस्यति (denom.)
रिरिक्वांसःhaving left/abandoned (evil); purified/emptied (of fault)
रिरिक्वांसः:
Kartā (same agents; descriptive epithet)
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Root√रिच्/√रिक् (to empty/leave) → रिरिक्वांस् (perf. act. ptcp.)
तन्वःbodies; persons
तन्वः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतनू (स्त्री.)
कृण्वतmaking; fashioning
कृण्वत:
Kartā (same agents)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√कृ (करोति)
स्वाःtheir own
स्वाः:
Karma (qualifier of ‘तन्वः’)
TypeAdjective/Pronoun
Rootस्व (pronominal adj.)
सखाa friend
सखा:
Kartā (of the following participle ‘रक्षमाणाः’ in sense: ‘as a friend…’)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
सख्युःof (his) friend
सख्युः:
Sambandha (genitive relation with ‘सखा’)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
निमिषिin a moment; at the wink (of an eye)
निमिषि:
Adhikaraṇa (locative: time/occasion)
TypeNoun
Rootनिमिष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wink/instant’)
रक्षमाणाःprotecting; guarding
रक्षमाणाः:
Kartā (same agents; ‘protecting…’)
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Root√रक्ष् (रक्षति)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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