HomeRamayanaBala KandaSarga 71Shloka 18
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Shloka 18

जनककुलवर्णनम् तथा सीतोर्मिलादानम्

Janaka’s Genealogy and the Bestowal of Sita and Urmila

तस्याप्रदानाद्ब्रह्मर्षे युद्धमासीन्मया सह।स हतोऽभिमुखो राजा सुधन्वा तु मया रणे।।।।

tasyāpradānād brahmarṣe yuddham āsīn mayā saha |

sa hato ’bhimukho rājā sudhanvā tu mayā raṇe ||

ஓ பிரம்மரிஷியே! அவற்றை அளிக்காததால் அவனுடன் எனக்கு யுத்தம் ஏற்பட்டது; போர்க்களத்தில் என்முன் நின்ற அரசன் சுதன்வா என் கையால் வீழ்த்தப்பட்டான்।

tasyaof him; his
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular
apradānātbecause of refusal (to give)
apradānāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Roota-pradāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular; from 'non-giving/refusal to give'
brahmarṣeO Brahmarṣi
brahmarṣe:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahmarṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular
yuddhambattle
yuddham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyuddha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
āsītwas/occurred
āsīt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√as (धातु)
FormLaṅ (लङ्, Imperfect), Parasmaipada, 3rd Person, Singular
mayāwith me/by me
mayā:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
sahatogether with
saha:
Sahārtha (सहार्थ)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsaha (अव्यय)
FormPrepositional indeclinable (सह) governing instrumental
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
hataḥkilled
hataḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√han (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त, PPP), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; predicate
abhimukhaḥface-to-face; in encounter
abhimukhaḥ:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootabhimukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; 'facing (me), in direct encounter'
rājāking
rājā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; apposition to saḥ
sudhanvāSudhanvā
sudhanvā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsudhanvan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (proper noun), Nominative, Singular
tuindeed
tu:
N/A
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle
mayāby me
mayā:
Kartṛ (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Instrumental, Singular; agent in passive sense with hataḥ
raṇein battle
raṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootraṇa (प्रातिपदik)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular

O Brahmarshi! when I refused, a great conflict broke out between him and me. In the encounter king Sudhanva was killed by me.

J
Janaka
S
Sudhanvā
B
Battle (raṇa)

FAQs

Kṣatriya-dharma: refusing unjust demands and defending one’s realm and honor, using force only as a consequence of protecting righteousness.

Janaka recounts that his refusal led to war, culminating in Sudhanvā’s death in direct combat.

Courage and commitment to justice—standing firm against coercion even at the cost of war.