Ekādaśī Vrata-Vidhi and the Galava–Bhadrashīla Itihāsa
Dharmakīrti before Yama
ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियविशां शूद्राणां चैव योषिताम् । मोक्षदं कुर्वतां भक्त्या विष्णोः प्रियतरं द्विज ॥ २ ॥
brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviśāṃ śūdrāṇāṃ caiva yoṣitām | mokṣadaṃ kurvatāṃ bhaktyā viṣṇoḥ priyataraṃ dvija || 2 ||
ஓ இருமுறை பிறந்தவரே! பிராமணர், க்ஷத்திரியர், வைசியர், சூத்ரர் மற்றும் பெண்கள் அனைவருக்கும்—பக்தியுடன் செய்யப்படும், மோட்சம் அளிக்கும் அனுஷ்டானமே விஷ்ணுவுக்கு மிகப் பிரியமானது।
Sanatkumara (in dialogue with Narada; addressing a dvija)
Vrata: none
Primary Rasa: bhakti
Secondary Rasa: shanta
It declares that moksha-giving devotion is supremely dear to Vishnu and is available to everyone—across the four varnas and to women—emphasizing bhakti as an inclusive liberating means.
Bhakti is presented not merely as worship, but as a transformative practice whose defining fruit is moksha; its value is measured by how it leads the devotee to liberation and thereby pleases Vishnu most.
No specific Vedanga (like Vyakarana, Shiksha, or Jyotisha) is taught in this verse; the practical takeaway is dharmic application—prioritizing sincere bhakti as the effective sadhana for liberation.