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Shloka 1

Adhyaya 79 — The Vaivasvata Manvantara: Classes of Devas, the Seven Sages, and Manu’s Nine Sons

Sanskrit

इति श्रीमार्कण्डेयपुराणे सावर्णिके मन्वन्तरे वैवस्वतोत्पत्तिर्नामाष्टसप्ततितमोऽध्यायः ऊनाशीतितमोऽध्यायः- 79

मार्कण्डेय उवाच आदित्या वसवो रुद्राः साध्या विश्वे मरुद्गणाः ।

भृगवोऽङ्गिरसश्चाष्टौ यत्र देवगणाः स्मृताः ॥

Transliteration

iti śrīmārkaṇḍeya-purāṇe sāvarṇike manvantare vaivasvatotpattir nāmāṣṭa-saptatitamo 'dhyāyaḥ ūnāśītitamo 'dhyāyaḥ—79 | mārkaṇḍeya uvāca: ādityā vasavo rudrāḥ sādhyā viśve marud-gaṇāḥ | bhṛgavo 'ṅgirasaś cāṣṭau yatra deva-gaṇāḥ smṛtāḥ ||

Translation

மார்கண்டேயர் கூறினார்—அந்த (மந்வந்தரத்தில்) தேவர்கள் ஆதித்யர்கள், வசுக்கள், ருத்ரர்கள், சாத்யர்கள், விஷ்வேதேவர்கள், மேலும் மருத்கணங்கள் என நினைவுகூரப்படுகின்றனர்; மேலும் ப்ருகுக்கள் மற்றும் அங்கிரஸர்கள் எட்டு (குழுக்கள்) உள்ளனர்.

Word by Word
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; quotation/closure particle
śrīholy/auspicious (Śrī)
śrī:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Title element)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular); honorific prefix in title
mārkaṇḍeyaMārkaṇḍeya
mārkaṇḍeya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Title element)
TypeNoun
Rootmārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular); first member in compound title
purāṇein the Purāṇa (text)
purāṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location—'in')
TypeNoun
Rootpurāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), Saptamī vibhakti (7th/सप्तमी), Ekavacana (Singular); compound title: mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇa
sāvarṇikein the Sāvarṇika (Manvantara)
sāvarṇike:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsāvarṇika (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine) or Napuṃsaka per context; Saptamī vibhakti (7th/सप्तमी), Ekavacana (Singular); qualifies manvantare
manvantarein the Manvantara
manvantare:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootmanvantara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), Saptamī vibhakti (7th/सप्तमी), Ekavacana (Singular)
vaivasvataVaivasvata
vaivasvata:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Determinant in compound)
TypeNoun
Rootvaivasvata (प्रातिपदik)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine); first member in compound
utpattiḥorigin/birth
utpattiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; title-noun)
TypeNoun
Rootutpatti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular); compound: vaivasvata-utpatti = 'origin of Vaivasvata'
nāmanamed/called
nāma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāma (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; title-marker particle ('named')
aṣṭaeight
aṣṭa:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Determinant in compound)
TypeAdjective
Rootaṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNumeral; first member in compound ordinal
saptatiseventy
saptati:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Numeral formation)
TypeNoun
Rootsaptati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine) as numeral-base; part of dvigu compound aṣṭa-saptati = 78
tamaḥseventy-eighth
tamaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roottama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular); ordinal suffix -tama; in compound aṣṭa-saptati-tama = '78th'
adhyāyaḥchapter
adhyāyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; colophon)
TypeNoun
Rootadhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular)
ūnaone less
ūna:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Determinant in compound)
TypeAdjective
Rootūna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFirst member in compound; 'less by one'
aśītieighty
aśīti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Numeral formation)
TypeNoun
Rootaśīti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine) numeral-base; ūna-aśīti = 79 (one less than 80)
tamaḥseventy-ninth
tamaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roottama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular); ordinal; ūnāśīti-tama = '79th'
adhyāyaḥchapter
adhyāyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; colophon)
TypeNoun
Rootadhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular)
mārkaṇḍeyaḥMārkaṇḍeya
mārkaṇḍeyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Speaker)
TypeNoun
Rootmārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
FormLiṭ lakāra (Perfect, लिट्), Prathama puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana (Singular); parasmaipada
ādityāḥĀdityas
ādityāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject—list)
TypeNoun
Rootāditya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana (Plural)
vasavaḥVasus
vasavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject—list)
TypeNoun
Rootvasu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana (Plural)
rudrāḥRudras
rudrāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject—list)
TypeNoun
Rootrudra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana (Plural)
sādhyāḥSādhyas
sādhyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject—list)
TypeNoun
Rootsādhya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana (Plural)
viśveViśvedevas
viśve:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject—list)
TypeNoun
Rootviśva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana (Plural); 'Viśve (Devāḥ)'
marutMaruts
marut:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Determinant in compound)
TypeNoun
Rootmarut (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine); first member in compound
gaṇāḥgroups
gaṇāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject—list)
TypeNoun
Rootgaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana (Plural); compound: marut-gaṇa = 'group of Maruts'
bhṛgavaḥBhṛgus
bhṛgavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject—list)
TypeNoun
Rootbhṛgu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana (Plural)
aṅgirasaḥAṅgirases
aṅgirasaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject—list)
TypeNoun
Rootaṅgiras (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana (Plural)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction
aṣṭaueight
aṣṭau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootaṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana (Plural); numeral adjective qualifying (aṅgirasaḥ)
yatrawherein/where
yatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Relative location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyatra (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; relative adverb (place/context)
devaof gods
deva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Determinant in compound)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine); first member in compound
gaṇāḥhosts/groups
gaṇāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootgaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana (Plural); compound: deva-gaṇa = 'group of gods'
smṛtāḥare remembered/are said
smṛtāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया; passive predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√smṛ (धातु)
FormKṛdanta; Past Passive Participle (kta/क्त), Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana (Plural)
Speakers
Mārkaṇḍeya (speaker indicated in-text)
Primary Deities
ĀdityasVasusRudrasSādhyasViśvedevasMaruts
Key Themes
ManvantaraCosmologyDeva taxonomyṚṣi lineages

FAQs

The Purāṇa frames the cosmos as an ordered community with functional divisions; likewise, human society is ideally organized by roles aligned to dharma rather than by disorderly power.

Manvantara: listing deva-classes and ṛṣi-classes is a standard manvantara profile; it maps the administration of a cosmic age.

Deva-gaṇas can be read as archetypal forces in the psyche and nature; enumerating them is a contemplative inventory of powers that sustain both the macrocosm and microcosm.

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