Shloka 3

Adhyaya 45 — Jaimini’s Cosmological Questions and the Opening of Markandeya’s Account of Primary Creation

Sanskrit

धन्या भवन्तः संसिद्ध्यै प्रागवस्थास्थितं यतः ।

भवतां विषयोद्भूतैर्न मोहैश्चाल्यते मनः ॥

Transliteration

dhanyā bhavantaḥ saṃsiddhyai prāg-avasthā-sthitaṃ yataḥ /

bhavatāṃ viṣayodbhūtair na mohaiś cālyate manaḥ

Translation

நீர் பாக்கியவான்; ஏனெனில் முன்பே சித்திக்குத் தயாராக நிலைபெற்றிருந்தீர். புலன்விஷயங்களால் எழும் மயக்கங்கள் உமது மனத்தை அசைக்காது।

Word by Word

• dhanyāḥ: fortunate, blessed
• dhanyāḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhanya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; ‘भवन्तः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• bhavantaḥ: you (honorific, plural)
• bhavantaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• saṃsiddhyai: for perfection/accomplishment
• saṃsiddhyai: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃsiddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; प्रयोजन (for attainment/perfection)

• prāk: formerly
• prāk: Kāla-adhikarana (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prāk (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (adverb: formerly/before)

• avasthā-sthitam: fixed in the former state
• avasthā-sthitam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: avasthā (प्रातिपदिक) + sthita (√sthā + क्त)
• Form: कृदन्त-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘मनः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (state-fixed/established in prior condition)

• yataḥ: because
• yataḥ: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; हेत्वर्थे (relative adverb: because/for which reason)

• bhavatām: of you
• bhavatām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• viṣaya-udbhūtaiḥ: arisen from sense-objects
• viṣaya-udbhūtaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: viṣaya (प्रातिपदिक) + udbhūta (ud-√bhū + क्त)
• Form: कृदन्त-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; ‘मोहैः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• na: not
• na: Nishedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)

• mohaiḥ: by delusions
• mohaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: moha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• ālyate: is shaken
• ālyate: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√cal (चल् धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोगः (is shaken/moved)

• manaḥ: mind
• manaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

Speakers

• Jaimini addressing the wise birds

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Sense-control
• Mental steadiness
• Saṃskāra and preparedness
• Sādhana maturity

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Spiritual maturity is recognized by stability under sensory pressure. The verse implies long preparation (‘prāk-avasthā’)—ethical living, restraint, and right understanding—culminates in a mind that does not oscillate with attractions and aversions.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Upadeśa on sādhana and mind-discipline within the frame narrative; not a cosmological/genealogical unit.

What is the esoteric significance?

Sense-objects (viṣaya) stand for dispersive tendencies; the unmoved mind indicates pratyāhāra/dhyāna-like interiorization where attention is no longer captured by appearances.