Shloka 39

Adhyaya 16 — The Son’s Counsel on Renunciation and the Anasuya–Mandavya Episode: The Suspension of Sunrise and the Power of Pativrata

Sanskrit

निष्पादितास्वोषधीषु मर्त्या यज्ञैर्यजन्ति नः ।

तेषां वयं प्रयच्छामः कामान् यज्ञादिपूजिताः ॥

Transliteration

niṣpāditāsv oṣadhīṣu martyā yajñair yajanti naḥ |

teṣāṃ vayaṃ prayacchāmaḥ kāmān yajñādipūjitāḥ ||

Translation

மூலிகைகளும் விளைபொருள்களும் வெளிப்பட்டபோது, மானவர்கள் யாகங்களால் எம்மை வழிபடுகின்றனர்; யாக முதலியவற்றால் போற்றப்பட்ட நாம் அவர்களுக்குத் தங்கள் விருப்பப் பயன்களை அளிக்கிறோம்।

Word by Word

• निष्पादितासु: when (they are) produced/obtained
• निष्पादितासु: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निस् + पद् (धातु) → निष्पादित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त/PPP)
• Form: कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle, क्त); स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine); बहुवचन (Plural); सप्तमी (Locative, 7th case); विशेषण (qualifying ओषधीषु)

• ओषधीषु: in/among the herbs (plants, produce)
• ओषधीषु: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओषधी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine); बहुवचन (Plural); सप्तमी (Locative, 7th case)

• मर्त्याः: mortals
• मर्त्याः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); बहुवचन (Plural); प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st case)

• यज्ञैः: with sacrifices
• यज्ञैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); बहुवचन (Plural); तृतीया (Instrumental, 3rd case)

• यजन्ति: they worship/sacrifice
• यजन्ति: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present indicative); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); बहुवचन (Plural); परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• नः: to us / of us
• नः: सम्प्रदान (Sampradāna/Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (Pronoun); षष्ठी (Genitive, 6th case) / alternatively चतुर्थी (Dative) in usage; बहुवचन (Plural)

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (Pronoun); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine/neutral); बहुवचन (Plural); षष्ठी (Genitive, 6th case)

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (Pronoun); बहुवचन (Plural); प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st case)

• प्रयच्छामः: we grant, we bestow
• प्रयच्छामः: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + यम्/यच्छ् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present indicative); उत्तमपुरुष (1st person); बहुवचन (Plural); परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• कामान्: desired things, wishes
• कामान्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); बहुवचन (Plural); द्वितीया (Accusative, 2nd case)

• यज्ञ-आदि-पूजिताः: honored by sacrifices and the like
• यज्ञ-आदि-पूजिताः: कर्तृ-विशेषण (Predicate adjective to subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक) + पूजित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त/PPP)
• Form: समास: यज्ञादि (तत्पुरुष ‘sacrifice etc.’) + पूजित (PPP); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); बहुवचन (Plural); प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st case); विशेषण (agreeing with वयम्)

Speakers

• Devas (collective voice)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devas (collective)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Yajña
• Prosperity
• Reciprocity

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Prosperity is not portrayed as isolated human achievement: it culminates in worship and ethical redistribution (dāna/offerings). When humans remember the divine link in their harvest, their desires are fulfilled in a regulated, dharmic manner.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Dharma/ācāra instruction embedded in Purāṇic discourse; it supports the ‘maintenance’ dimension that underlies Sarga/Pratisarga narratives.

What is the esoteric significance?

Vegetation (oṣadhi) signifies the fruition of prior causes; yajña signifies conscious return of fruits to their source. Fulfillment of kāma is legitimate when routed through yajña—desire aligned with offering.