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Shloka 10

नारद–शुक संवादः (Nārada–Śuka Dialogue): Tyāga, Saṃyama, and Vyakta–Avyakta Viveka

प्राणायामो हि सगुणो निर्गुणं धारयेन्मन: । यद्यदृश्यति मुज्चन्‌ वै प्राणान्‌ मैथिलसत्तम । वाताधिकयं भवत्येव तस्मात्‌ तं न समाचरेत्‌

yājñavalkya uvāca | prāṇāyāmo hi saguṇo nirguṇaṃ dhārayen manaḥ | yadyadṛśyati muñcan vai prāṇān maithilasattama | vātādhikyaṃ bhavaty eva tasmāt taṃ na samācaret |

யாஜ்ஞவல்க்யர் கூறினார்— சகுணப் பிராணாயாமம், அதாவது ஒரு நிர்ணயிக்கப்பட்ட தியான-ஆதாரத்துடன் செய்யப்படும் பிராணாயாமம், மனத்தை நிர்குண (விருத்தியற்ற) நிலையில் நிலைநிறுத்த உதவும். ஆனால், மைதிலர்களில் சிறந்தவனே! பூரக முதலிய காலங்களில் நியமிக்கப்பட்ட தெய்வம்/தத்துவத்தின் உள்தரிசனத் தியானமின்றி ஒருவர் பிராணவாயுவை ரேசனம் செய்தால், உடலில் வாதம் மிகுதியாகும்; ஆகவே தியானமற்ற பிராணாயாமம் செய்யக்கூடாது.

प्राणायामःbreath-control (prāṇāyāma)
प्राणायामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणायाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सगुणःwith qualities; with (object of) meditation
सगुणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निर्गुणम्quality-less; without modifications
निर्गुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्गुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धारयेत्should hold/steady
धारयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootधृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मनःmind
मनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यत्whatever (that which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दृश्यतिis seen/appears
दृश्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
मुञ्चन्releasing/letting go
मुञ्चन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमुच्
FormPresent active participle (Parasmaipada), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
प्राणान्breaths/vital airs
प्राणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मैथिलसत्तमO best of the Mithilā-people
मैथिलसत्तम:
TypeNoun
Rootमैथिलसत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वाताधिक्यम्excess of wind (vāta)
वाताधिक्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाताधिक्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवतिarises/becomes
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
एवcertainly/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
तम्that (practice)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
समाचरेत्should practice/undertake
समाचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-चर्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच

Y
Yājñavalkya
M
Maithila (addressed person; ‘best of the Maithilas’)
P
prāṇa (vital breath)
V
vāta (wind-humor)

Educational Q&A

Breath-discipline should be joined to focused contemplation (saguṇa support) so that the mind can become steady in the attributeless (nirguṇa) state; doing prāṇāyāma mechanically, without meditative ‘vision’ or proper inner focus, is discouraged because it can cause imbalance (vāta aggravation) and fails to serve its spiritual purpose.

In a didactic exchange within Śānti Parva, the sage Yājñavalkya instructs a Maithila interlocutor on correct yogic method: prāṇāyāma is presented as a means to stabilize the mind, but only when integrated with meditation; otherwise it is portrayed as potentially harmful and spiritually unproductive.