Shloka 164

Devadāru (Dāruvana) Forest: The Delusion of Ritual Pride, the Liṅga Crisis, and the Teaching of Jñāna–Pāśupata Yoga

Devanagari script

यः पठेच्छृणुयान्नित्यं मुच्यते सर्वपातकैः / श्रावयेद् वा द्विजान् शान्तान् स याति परमां गतिम्

Transliteration

yaḥ paṭhecchṛṇuyānnityaṃ mucyate sarvapātakaiḥ / śrāvayed vā dvijān śāntān sa yāti paramāṃ gatim

Translation

யார் இதை தினமும் பாராயணம் செய்கிறாரோ அல்லது கேட்கிறாரோ, அவர் எல்லாப் பாவங்களிலிருந்தும் விடுபடுவர்; மேலும் அமைதியான த்விஜர்களுக்கு இதைச் செவியுறச் செய்வோர் பரமகதியை அடைவர்.

Word by Word

• yaḥ: who (he who)
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धक-सर्वनाम (relative)

• paṭhet: should read
• paṭhet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √paṭh (पठ्)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• śṛṇuyāt: should listen
• śṛṇuyāt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śru (श्रु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• nityam: always, daily
• nityam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb)

• mucyate: is freed
• mucyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √muc (मुच्)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive)

• sarva-pātakaiḥ: from all sins
• sarva-pātakaiḥ: Apādāna (अपादान; from)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक) + pātaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (सर्वाणि पातकानि)

• śrāvayet: should cause to hear / recite to
• śrāvayet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śru (श्रु) causative (णिच्)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिजन्त (causative)

• vā: or
• vā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (or)

• dvijān: twice-born (Brāhmaṇas)
• dvijān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvija (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• śāntān: peaceful, calm
• śāntān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śānta (कृदन्त; √śam शम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP) विशेषण

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• yāti: goes, attains
• yāti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √yā (या)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• paramām: supreme
• paramām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• gatim: state, destination
• gatim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Kūrma (Viṣṇu) speaking as the teacher of dharma and yoga-phala (merit of śravaṇa/pāṭha).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Dvija
• Paramā gati

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It points to liberation (paramā gati) through purifying knowledge: steady recitation and listening remove pāpa, preparing the seeker for Self-realization taught in the Kurma Purana’s yoga-dharma framework.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse emphasizes śravaṇa (listening) and pāṭha (recitation) as core sādhana—disciplines that purify the mind (citta-śuddhi) and support contemplative yoga aligned with Pāśupata-oriented devotion and practice.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By presenting liberation through sacred teaching and disciplined hearing/recitation, it reflects the Purana’s integrative stance: the same highest goal is approached through unified dharma-yoga instruction associated with both Vaiṣṇava and Śaiva currents.