Mantra 12

Sukta 30

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

नमो यमाय नमो अस्तु मृत्यवे नमः पितृभ्य उत ये नयन्ति । उत्पारणस्य यो वेद तमग्निं पुरो दधेऽस्मा अरिष्टतातये

IAST Transliteration

námo yamā́ya námo astu mṛtyáve námaḥ pitṛ́bhya utá yé náyanti | utpā́raṇasya yó véda tám agníṃ puró dadhé ’smā́ áriṣṭatātaye

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Homage to Yama; homage be to Death; homage to the Fathers, and to those who lead away. Whoso knoweth the saving passage, he setteth Agni in front for this man, for his unharmed security.

Translation

யமனுக்கு நமஸ்காரம்; மரணத்திற்கும் நமஸ்காரம் உண்டாகுக. பித்ருக்களுக்கு நமஸ்காரம்; மேலும் (பிராணனை) அழைத்துச் செல்பவர்களுக்கும் நமஸ்காரம். ‘உத்பாரண’—காப்பாற்றும் கடத்தல் வழி—யார் அறிகிறாரோ, அவர் இம்மனிதனின் அரிஷ்டதா (அக்ஷதி/அபாயமின்மை) பொருட்டு அக்னியை முன்னே நிறுவுகிறார்.

Word by Word

नमःobeisance, homage

यमायto Yama

नमःobeisance

अस्तुlet it be (be it)

मृत्यवेto Death

नमःobeisance

पितृभ्यःto the Fathers/Ancestors

उतand also

येwho (those who)

नयन्तिlead, conduct

उत्पारणस्यof the crossing-over / deliverance

यःwho

वेदknows

तम्him

अग्निम्Agni; the fire

पुरःin front, before

दधॆplaces, sets

अस्मैfor him

अरिष्टतातयेfor non-injury, for safety

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic transmission (Anukramaṇī-dependent).

Devata: Yama, Mṛtyu, Pitṛs; and Agni as protector.

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (likely; confirm in edition).

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"bhayankara","emotional_arc":"From fear-aware reverence (death acknowledged) to calm assurance (Agni set as safeguard).","listener_experience":"A settling of dread; sense of being ritually protected and ‘permitted’ to remain.","intensity":6}