Agni Purana — Sahitya-shastra, Shloka 16
Chapter 342: शब्दालङ्काराः
Verbal/Sound-based Ornaments
संसर्गयमकञ्चैव विक्रान्तयमकन्तथा पादादियमकञ्चैव तथाम्रेडितमेव च
saṃsargayamakañcaiva vikrāntayamakantathā pādādiyamakañcaiva tathāmreḍitameva ca
‘ஸம்ஸர்க-யமகம்’ மேலும் ‘விக்ராந்த-யமகம்’; ‘பாதாதி-யமகம்’ மற்றும் ‘ஆம்ரேடிதம்’ (மீளுரைத்த வடிவு) ஆகியவையும் யமகத்தின் கூடுதல் வகைகளாகக் கொள்ளப்படுகின்றன.
Lord Agni (in instruction to the sage Vasiṣṭha, in the Agni Purana’s poetics section)
Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Alamkara","secondary_vidya":"Samanya","practical_application":"Classify and deploy yamaka (phonetic repetition) subtypes while composing or analyzing kavya; use as a checklist for identifying patterns in verses.","sutra_style":true}
Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"List","entry_title":"Additional Yamaka Varieties: Saṃsarga, Vikrānta, Pādādi, Āmreḍita","lookup_keywords":["yamaka","saṃsarga-yamaka","vikrānta-yamaka","pādādi-yamaka","āmreḍita"],"quick_summary":"Names further sub-varieties of yamaka and related repetition (āmreḍita). Useful as a taxonomy node for kavya analysis and ornament selection."}
Alamkara Type: Yamaka; Āmreḍita (repetition)
Concept: Śabda-alaṅkāra bheda (systematic naming of sound-ornaments)
Application: Apply labels consistently in commentary, teaching, and composition to avoid conflating distinct repetition-patterns.
Khanda Section: Sahitya-shastra (Alankara and Kavya-lakshana / Sanskrit Poetics)
Primary Rasa: adbhuta
Secondary Rasa: hasya
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A traditional Sanskrit paṇḍita instructs students, pointing to a palm-leaf manuscript listing yamaka varieties: saṃsarga, vikrānta, pādādi, and āmreḍita, with example couplets on a board.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala temple mural style, warm earthy palette, guru in white dhoti teaching seated śiṣyas, palm-leaf manuscript with Devanagari headings 'saṃsarga-yamaka, vikrānta-yamaka, pādādi-yamaka, āmreḍita', stylized interior of a vidyāśālā, flat iconic composition.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting, guru and disciples in a scholarly hall, gold-leaf highlights on manuscript edges and halo-like aureole behind Sarasvatī in the background, Devanagari headings for yamaka types, rich reds and greens, ornamental borders.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore painting style, delicate linework, instructional scene with labeled examples of repetition patterns, manuscript and chalkboard showing the four yamaka names, calm scholarly ambience, muted pastel colors.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature, courtly library setting, scholar presenting a folio titled with yamaka varieties, fine architectural details, patterned carpets, precise calligraphy panels with the four terms, naturalistic faces and textiles."}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Sarasvati","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: -ñcaiva = -m ca eva; -ntathā = -m tathā. Compounds treated as standard alaṅkāra-names.
Related Themes: Agni Purana 342.17; Agni Purana 342.18; Agni Purana 342.20
FAQs
It imparts kavya-vidya (Sahitya-shastra) by listing specific sub-types of yamaka (phonetic echo ornament) and the related repetition figure called āmreḍita, useful for composing and analyzing Sanskrit poetry.
Beyond ritual and dharma, the Agni Purana catalogues technical disciplines; here it functions like a poetics manual by enumerating recognized categories of sound-ornaments used in classical Sanskrit literature.
Mastery of śāstra-guided speech and poetry is traditionally seen as refining vāṇī (sacred expression) and supporting dharmic learning; while not a ritual act itself, it promotes disciplined knowledge and cultured recitation.