Agni Purana — Kosha, Shloka 9
Chapter 363: नृब्रह्मक्षत्रविट्शूद्रवर्गाः
Groups of terms for Men, Brahmins, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas, and Śūdras
स्यादेडे वधिरः कुब्जे गडुलः कुकरे कुनिः क्षयः शोषश् च यक्ष्मा च प्रतिश्यायुस्तु पीनसः
syādeḍe vadhiraḥ kubje gaḍulaḥ kukare kuniḥ kṣayaḥ śoṣaś ca yakṣmā ca pratiśyāyustu pīnasaḥ
‘ஏட’ நிலையில் ஒருவர் ‘வதிர’ (செவிடு) ஆவார்; ‘குப்ஜ’ நிலையில் கூனன்; ‘கடுல’ நிலையில் உறைப்பு/முடக்கம்; ‘குகர’ நிலையில் ‘குனி’ (சுருக்கம்/நொண்டித்தனம்) உண்டாகும். ‘க்ஷய’, ‘ஷோஷ’, ‘யக்ஷ்மா’—இவை தொடர்புடைய பெயர்கள்; மேலும் ‘ப்ரதிஷ்யாய’ (சளி) என்பதற்கு ‘பீனஸ’ என்று கூறுவர்.
Lord Agni (in discourse to the sage Vasiṣṭha, as per the Agni Purana’s primary narration frame)
Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Ayurveda","secondary_vidya":"Vyakarana","practical_application":"Medical nosology and synonym mapping: links condition-names to hallmark symptoms (deafness, hunchback, crippling) and equates related disease terms (kṣaya/śoṣa/yakṣmā; pratiśyāya/pīnasa) for accurate diagnosis and textual interpretation.","sutra_style":true}
Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Definition","entry_title":"Roga-nāma mapping: eḍa, kubja, gaḍula, kukara/kunī; kṣaya–śoṣa–yakṣmā; pratiśyāya–pīnasa","lookup_keywords":["kubja","yakṣmā","kṣaya","pratiśyāya","pīnasa"],"quick_summary":"Defines several condition-terms by their clinical sign and provides synonymy/near-synonymy for wasting diseases and rhinitis, aiding consistent medical reading and reporting."}
Concept: Roga-saṃjñā-viveka (discrimination of disease nomenclature) as a prerequisite for correct nidāna (diagnostic reasoning).
Application: When encountering variant terms across regions/texts, treat them as equivalent or related (e.g., yakṣmā with kṣaya/śoṣa; pīnasa with pratiśyāya) to align case-notes and prescriptions.
Khanda Section: Ayurveda / Roga-Nidana (Medical nosology and terminology)
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: adbhuta
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A physician’s diagnostic chart: figures illustrating deafness, hunchback, limb contracture, and a wasting patient; alongside a patient with nasal catarrh—each labeled with the corresponding Sanskrit disease-name and synonym.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, panelled medical tableau; stylized patients showing kubja posture and kunī contracture; a thin yakṣmā patient; a sneezing/catarrh figure; bold Sanskrit labels eḍa, kubja, gaḍula, pīnasa; earthy palette.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting with gold-bordered diagnostic panels; central vaidya with manuscript; surrounding medallions of conditions (kubja, yakṣmā, pīnasa) with ornate captions; rich colors and gold work.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore style, clear instructional chart aesthetic; gentle shading; each condition shown in a small vignette with neat Devanagari labels; physician pointing with a stylus.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature of a hakim’s clinic; patients seated in sequence; fine anatomical observation; marginal notes equating kṣaya–śoṣa–yakṣmā and pratiśyāya–pīnasa; detailed textiles and instruments."}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"didactic","suggested_raga":"Todi","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: स्यादेडे = स्यात् + एडे (त् + ए → दे); शोषश् च = शोषः + च (अः + च → श् च); प्रतिश्यायुस्तु = प्रतिश्यायुः + तु (अः + त् → स्त्)
Related Themes: Agni Purana 363 (medical terminology lists continuing into sneezing/cough/swelling terms)
FAQs
Ayurvedic roga-nidāna (medical nosology): it maps specific Sanskrit disease-names to hallmark manifestations (e.g., deafness, hunchback, wasting/consumption) and equates related terms like pratiśyāya with pīnasa (catarrh/rhinitis).
It functions like a medical glossary inside a Purana—cataloguing technical disease terms and near-synonyms (kṣaya/śoṣa/yakṣmā; pratiśyāya/pīnasa), showing the text’s coverage beyond theology into practical Ayurveda.
Indirectly, it supports dharma by enabling correct identification of illness and appropriate care; preserving health is treated as a prerequisite for sustaining ritual duties, vows, and disciplined living.