Rig Veda 8.77.11: Mandala 8, Sukta 77, Mantra 11
Sukta 8.77
Devata: Indra (praise of weapons/arms as divine powers)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तुविक्षं ते सुकृतं सूमयं धनुः साधुर्बुन्दो हिरण्ययः । उभा ते बाहू रण्या सुसंस्कृत ऋदूपे चिदृदूवृधा ॥
Transliteration
tuvikṣáṃ te sukṛ́taṃ sūmáyaṃ dhánuḥ sādhúr bundó hiraṇyáyaḥ | ubhā́ te bāhū́ raṇyā́ susaṃskṛtā ṛdūpé cid ṛdūvṛ́dhā ||
Translation
तव धनुः तुविक्षं सुकृतं सोममयं (हर्षबलपूर्णं) च; हिरण्ययः बिन्दुः (शराग्रः) साधुः—ऋजुः सत्यश्च। उभौ ते बाहू रण्या सुसंस्कृतौ; ऋदूपे चिद् ऋदूवृधा—मृदुषु मार्गेष्वपि वर्धमानौ, मृदुं बलं वर्धयतः।
Word by Word
तुविक्षम्very-mighty, of great power
तुविक्षम्:
कर्म (विशेष्य ‘धनुः’ का विशेषण) / कर्मपद-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootतुवि- (प्रातिपदिक, ‘बहु/प्रबल’) + क्ष (प्रातिपदिक, ‘शक्ति/बल’; ‘क्ष’ as in क्षम/क्षि-सम्बद्ध बल) → तुविक्ष-
तेof you, your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (possessor) / षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सुकृतम्well-made, well-fashioned
सुकृतम्:
कर्म (विशेष्य ‘धनुः’ का विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- (उपसर्ग) + कृ (धातु) → सुकृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक ‘well-made’)
सूमयम्excellent/beneficent in nature; well-endowed
सूमयम्:
कर्म (विशेष्य ‘धनुः’ का विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- + मय (प्रातिपदिक ‘मय/युक्त/निर्मित’; -मय) → सूमय
धनुःbow
धनुः:
कर्तृ (स्तुत्य-वस्तु/वर्ण्य-विषय) / विषय
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
साधुःgood, effective, excellent
साधुः:
कर्तृपद-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसाधु (प्रातिपदिक)
बुन्दःthe drop/stream (of Soma)
बुन्दः:
कर्तृ / विषय
TypeNoun
Rootबुन्द (प्रातिपदिक; RV: ‘बिन्दु/बुन्द’ = drop, stream; esp. सोम-रस)
हिरण्ययःgolden
हिरण्ययः:
कर्तृपद-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootहिरण्य (प्रातिपदिक) + य (तद्धित -य) → हिरण्यय (‘golden’)
उभाboth
उभा:
कर्म/विषय (बाहू के साथ समन्वय) / समुच्चय
TypeNumeral/Pronoun
Rootउभ (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक ‘both’)
तेyour
ते:
सम्बन्ध (possessor)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
बाहूtwo arms
बाहू:
कर्म/विषय (स्तुति में ‘ते बाहू’ = ‘your two arms’)
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
रण्याdelighting/joy-giving; battle-gladdening
रण्या:
कर्म/विषय-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootरण्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘आनन्दद/रमणीय/युद्ध-सम्बद्ध’ RV-विशेष) → रण्य
सुसंस्कृतwell-formed, well-prepared
सुसंस्कृत:
कर्म/विषय-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- + सम् + कृ (धातु) → संस्कृत (PPP) → सुसंस्कृत
ऋदूपेpliant/soft in aid; gentle-supporting
ऋदूपे:
कर्म/विषय-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootऋदूप (प्रातिपदिक; RV: ‘ऋदु-’ = soft/pliant + ‘उप’/‘ऊप’ element; ‘soft/pliant in support/aid’)
चित्indeed, even
चित्:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (बलवाचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (अव्यय; emphatic particle)
ऋदूवृधाgrowing/strengthening gently; softly-increasing
ऋदूवृधा:
कर्म/विषय-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootऋदूवृध (प्रातिपदिक; RV: ‘ऋदु’ = soft/pliant + ‘वृध’ = growing/increasing) → ऋदूवृध
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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