Rig Veda 8.51.8: Mandala 8, Sukta 51, Mantra 8
Sukta 8.51
Rishi: Kanva tradition (Kāṇva); specific rishi for 8.51 uncertain in this excerpt
Devata: Indra (victor over Śuṣṇa; establisher of heaven’s wideness)
Chandas: Jagatī/Tr̥ṣṭubh probable; requires scan
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्र यो ननक्षे अभ्योजसा क्रिविं वधैः शुष्णं निघोषयन् । यदेदस्तम्भीत्प्रथयन्नमूं दिवमादिज्जनिष्ट पार्थिवः ॥
Transliteration
prá yó nanakṣé abhy ójasā kríviṃ vadháiḥ śúṣṇaṃ ni-ghoṣáyan | yadéd astambhīt pratháyann amū́ṃ dívam ā́d íj janiṣṭa pā́rthivaḥ ||
Translation
यः प्रबलोजसा पुरः प्रयाति, स क्रिविं वधैः प्रहृत्य दमनं करोति; स्वप्रहारैः शुष्णं निघोषयन् पराभवाय नयति। यदा स अमूं दिवं स्तम्भयित्वा प्रथयामास, तस्मादेव कर्मणः पार्थिवोऽधारो जनिष्ट।
Word by Word
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
ननक्षेhas reached/attained
ननक्षे:
—
TypeVerb
Rootनश् (धातु; Vedic: ‘to reach/attain’)
अभिtowards, against
अभि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (upasarga)
ओजसाwith might/strength
ओजसा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootओजस् (prātipadika)
क्रिविम्Kṛvi (a foe/being named Kṛvi)
क्रिविम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्रिवि (prātipadika; proper name/epithet in RV)
वधैःwith blows/weapons
वधैः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootवध (prātipadika)
शुष्णम्Śuṣṇa (the demon)
शुष्णम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशुष्ण (prātipadika; demon-name)
निघोषयन्causing to resound; thundering/roaring down
निघोषयन्:
Kartā (participial, agreeing with यः)
TypeVerb
Rootघुष्/घोष् (धातु ‘to sound’), causative stem घोषय- with नि-
यत्when/that
यत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (relative)
इदःof this
इदः:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (sarvanāma)
तम्भीत्propped/steadied; made firm
तम्भीत्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootस्तम्भ् (धातु ‘to prop, make firm’)
प्रथयन्spreading, extending
प्रथयन्:
Kartā (participial, agreeing with यः)
TypeVerb
Rootपृथु/प्रथ् (धातu ‘to spread, broaden’), causative/denominative-like stem प्रथय-
अमूम्that (yonder)
अमूम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअदस् (sarvanāma)
दिवम्heaven, sky
दिवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिव् (prātipadika)
आत्then, thereupon
आत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआत् (particle)
इत्indeed, just
इत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत् (particle)
जनिष्टwas born/arose
जनिष्ट:
—
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु ‘to be born, arise’)
पार्थिवःthe earthly one; terrestrial (one)
पार्थिवः:
Kartā (of जनिष्ट)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootपार्थिव (prātipadika from पृथिवी)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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