Rig Veda 8.45.39: Mandala 8, Sukta 45, Mantra 39

Sukta 8.45

Devata: Indra

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ त एता वचोयुजा हरी गृभ्णे सुमद्रथा । यदीं ब्रह्मभ्य इद्ददः ॥

Transliteration

ā́ ta etā́ vaco-yújā hárī gṛbhṇe sumád-rathā | yád ī́n brahma-bhyá íd dádaḥ ||

Translation

हे सुमद्ररथ! वचोयुजा एते हरी अहं तुभ्यं गृभ्णामि; यदा त्वं नूनं ब्रह्मभ्यः—ब्रह्मवाचां ऋषिभ्यः—तान् ददासि।

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Word by Word

• आ: hither, forth (towards)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• ते: to/for you; your
• ते: Sampradāna (recipient/for you) / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• एता: these
• एता: Karma (object, with गृभ्णे) / विषय
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वचोयुजा: yoked/linked with words (hymn-joined)
• वचोयुजा: Karma (qualifier of the object) / विशेषण
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: वचस् + युज् (प्रातिपदिक: वचो-युज्)

• हरी: the two bay steeds
• हरी: Karma (object of गृभ्णे) / कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)

• गृभ्णे: I take, I grasp
• गृभ्णे: Kartā (speaker/poet) with implied अहम्
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रह्/गृभ् (धातु; Vedic present stem गृभ्ण-)

• सु: well, good
• सु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सु (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• मद्रथा: having exhilarating chariots / joy-chariot-borne (epithet of the two steeds)
• मद्रथा: Karma (qualifier of हरी) / विशेषण
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: मद् + रथ (प्रातिपदिक: मद्रथ)

• यदीम्: when/if then him
• यदीम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable + enclitic
• Root: यदि (अव्यय) + ईम् (एन्क्लिटिक सर्वनाम/अव्यय)

• ब्राह्मभ्यः: to the priests, to the brahmins (singers)
• ब्राह्मभ्यः: Sampradāna (recipient) / सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्म (प्रातिपदिक; 'ब्राह्मन्' related) / ब्रह्मन्- (in Vedic: priestly singers)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात)

• ददः: you give, you grant
• ददः: Kartā (addressed deity, likely Indra)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)