Rig Veda 8.1.31: Mandala 8, Sukta 1, Mantra 31
Sukta 8.1
Rishi: Medhyātithi Kāṇva
Devata: Indra (implicit chariot/horse imagery; treasure motif under Indra’s giving)
Chandas: Jagatī (probable; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
आ यदश्वान्वनन्वतः श्रद्धयाहं रथे रुहम् । उत वामस्य वसुनश्चिकेतति यो अस्ति याद्वः पशुः ॥
Transliteration
ā́ yád aśvā́n vanánvataḥ śraddháyāháṃ ráthe rúham | utá vā́masya vásunaś ciketati yó ásti yā́dvaḥ paśúḥ ||
Translation
यदा जयिनोऽश्वाः समीपमानयन्ते, श्रद्धया अहं रथे आरोहामि। उत च वाञ्छितं वसु प्रजानामि—अस्माकं जीवत्पशुधनं, यद् अन्तःस्वं पन्थानं वेत्ति।
Word by Word
आhither; towards
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
यत्when; that
यत्:
—
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
वनन्-वतस्of the conquering/striving (one)
वनन्-वतस्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeAdjective
Rootवनन्-वत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; वनन् = ‘winning/striving’ + -वत्)
श्रद्धयाwith faith; in trust
श्रद्धया:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootश्रद्धा (प्रातिपदिक)
अहम्I
अहम्:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootअहम् (सर्वनाम)
रथेon/in the chariot
रथे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
रुहम्I mounted; I ascended
रुहम्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootरुह् (धातु; ‘to mount/ascend’)
उतand; also
उत:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत (निपात)
वाor
वा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (निपात)
अमस्यof this; of him
अमस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun/Adjectival stem
Rootअम (प्रातिपदिक; ‘this/that’ in Vedic usage; here gen. sg.)
वसुनःof wealth; of the good
वसुनः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootवसु (प्रातिपदिक)
चिकेततिhe perceives; he takes note
चिकेतति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootचित्/केत् (धातु; ‘to notice, perceive, understand’)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā (of relative clause)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्तिis
अस्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु; ‘to be’)
यात्may go; should go
यात्:
—
TypeVerb (relative/conditional form)
Rootया (धातु; ‘to go’)
वःof you; to you
वः:
सम्बन्ध/सम्प्रदान (contextual)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
पशुःthe animal; cattle
पशुः:
Kartā/प्रत्ययार्थ (predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootपशु (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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