Rig Veda 8.1.11: Mandala 8, Sukta 1, Mantra 11
Sukta 8.1
Rishi: Kāṇva (Kāṇva lineage)
Devata: Indra (Śatakratu) with mythic allusion to Sūrya/Vāta
Chandas: Gāyatrī (likely within the hymn sequence)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यत्तुदत्सूर एतशं वङ्कू वातस्य पर्णिना । वहत्कुत्समार्जुनेयं शतक्रतुः त्सरद्गन्धर्वमस्तृतम् ॥
Transliteration
yát tudát sū́ra étaśaṃ vaṅkū́ vā́tasya parṇínā | váhat kútsam ārjuneyáṃ śatákratuḥ tsárad gandharvám ástṛtam ||
Translation
यदा सूर्यस्य तुदेन एतशोऽश्वो नुद्यते, वातस्य पर्णिना च वह्यते—तदा शतक्रतुरिन्द्रः कुत्समार्जुनेयं वहन्, अस्तृतं गन्धर्वं तीर्य, यात्रां बध्नीयादिति सूक्ष्मां मर्यादामपि अतिक्रामति।
Word by Word
यत्which, that
यत्:
सम्बन्ध/विशेषण (correlative to following clause)
TypePronoun/Relative
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
तुदत्striking, goading
तुदत्:
क्रियाविशेषण/विशेषण (describing ‘that which is striking’)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootतुद् (dhātu)
सूरःthe Sun; a hero (Sūra)
सूरः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootसूर (prātipadika)
एतशम्Etáśa (name of a horse/steed)
एतशम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootएतश (prātipadika)
वङ्कूcrooked, winding, curving
वङ्कू:
कर्म-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootवङ्कु (prātipadika)
वातस्यof the wind
वातस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootवात (prātipadika)
पर्णिनाwith/by (its) wing/feather; winged
पर्णिना:
करण
TypeAdjective
Rootपर्णिन् (prātipadika)
वहत्carrying, bearing
वहत्:
क्रियाविशेषण/विशेषण
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootवह् (dhātu)
कुत्सम्Kutsa (a seer/hero)
कुत्सम्:
कर्म
TypeProper Noun
Rootकुत्स (prātipadika)
आर्जुनेयम्the son/descendant of Arjuna (Ārjuneya)
आर्जुनेयम्:
कर्म-विशेषण/सम्बोधन-सम्बन्ध (identifying Kutsa)
TypeProper Noun/Adjective
Rootआर्जुनेय (patronymic prātipadika < अर्जुन)
शतक्रतुःŚatakratu (Indra, ‘of a hundred powers/rites’)
शतक्रतुः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootशतक्रतु (prātipadika)
त्सरद्गन्धर्वम्the Tsarad-Gandharva (a Gandharva named Tsarad)
त्सरद्गन्धर्वम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootत्सरद्गन्धर्व (compound prātipadika)
अस्तृतम्unspread, unstrewn; not laid out (unprepared)
अस्तृतम्:
कर्म-विशेषण
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootस्तृ (dhātu) with privative अ-; past passive participle
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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